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File Input and Output
The following program opens a file and reads its contents line by line:
f = open("foo.txt") # Returns a file object
line = f.readline() # Invokes readline() method on file
while line:
print line, # trailing ',' omits newline character
line = f.readline()
f.close()
The open() function returns a new file object. By invoking methods on this object, you can perform various file operations. The readline() method reads a single line of input, including the terminating newline. The empty string is returned at the end of the file. To make the output of a program go to a file, you can give the file to the print statement using >> as shown in the following example:
f = open("out","w") # Open file for writing
while year <= numyears:
principal = principal*(1+rate)
print >>f,"%3d %0.2f" % (year,principal)
year += 1
f.close()
In addition, files support a write() method that can be used to write raw data. For example, the print statement in the previous example could have been written this way:
f.write("%3d %0.2f\n" % (year,principal))