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iOS Internationalization: Characters and Encoding

Jan 21, 2015

📄 Contents

␡

Characters
Strings
Code Pages and Encoding
Unicode and Encoding
Encoding in Action
Coding Encoding
Objective-C Encoding Enumerations
Encoding Gone Bad
Diacritics
Surrogate Characters
Retrieving Characters from Unicode Code Points
Obtaining Unicode Code Points
Glyphs
Summary

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Objective-C Encoding Enumerations

The constants listed in Table 2.4 are the string encodings provided by the NSString class. You’ll use these encodings for the specified operating system so that the characters being encoded have the proper, understandable codes so that they are appropriately displayed. For example, if you are exporting text from your app that you know is going to a platform that does not support Unicode, you should encode it to the ASCII format using the NSASCIIStringEncoding constant.

Table 2.4 Encoding Formats

Enum	Name	Value Description
`NSASCIIStringEncoding`	1	Supports only lower-value, 0–127, ASCII characters. No support for higher-bit characters. You’ll want to use this only if characters need to be in 7-bit ASCII.
`NSNEXTSTEPStringEncoding`	2	Supports encoding used by NeXT.
`NSJapaneseEUCStringEncoding`	3	Supports a variable-width encoding used to represent the elements of three Japanese character set standards (JIS X 0208, JIS X 0212, JIS X 0201).
`NSUTF8StringEncoding`	4	Allows for full Unicode support. Characters display as ASCII when the text is plain English.
`NSISOLatin1StringEncoding`	5	Encoding for European characters as high-bit ASCII (values 128–255). Also cross-platform international standard. Very common for Web sites to deliver their text in this format.
`NSSymbolStringEncoding`	6	Way for symbol characters to be encoded.
`NSNonLossyASCIIStringEncoding`	7	Similar to `NSASCIIStringEncoding`. Reinforces no high-bit characters.
`NSShiftJISStringEncoding`	8	Supports Shift Japanese Industrial Standards encoding.
`NSISOLatin2StringEncoding`	9	Supports ISO/IEC 8859 encoding of European languages.
`NSUnicodeStringEncoding`	10	Encodes all characters as two bytes. Marker bytes exist at the beginning of the file stream to signify whether the byte order is little or big endian.
`NSWindowsCP1251StringEncoding`	11	Supports Cyrillic text. This is the same as AdobeStandardCyrillic.
`NSWindowsCP1252StringEncoding`	12	Supports “WinLatin1” encoding. This is the most common for European/English text. Windows boxes that host Web sites deliver their context in this format.
`NSWindowsCP1253StringEncoding`	13	Supports “Greek” encoding.
`NSWindowsCP1254StringEncoding`	14	Supports “Turkish” encoding.
`NSWindowsCP1250StringEncoding`	15	As with Latin1, supports “WinLatin2” encoding.
`NSISO2022JPStringEncoding`	21	Japanese encoding for e-mail.
`NSMacOSRomanStringEncoding`	30	Default encoding for the Mac.
`NSUTF16StringEncoding =`		Supports UTF16.
`NSUnicodeStringEncoding`		`NSUnicodeStringEncoding` is an alias for `NSUTF16qStringEncoding`.
`NSUTF16BigEndianStringEncoding`	0x90000100	`NSUTF16StringEncoding` encoding with explicit endianness specified.
`NSUTF16LittleEndianStringEncoding`	0x94000100	`NSUTF16StringEncoding` encoding with explicit endianness specified.
`NSUTF32StringEncoding`	0x8c000100	Convert `NSString` to `NSUTF32StringEncoding`.
`NSUTF32BigEndianStringEncoding`	0x98000100	`NSUTF32StringEncoding` encoding with explicit endianness specified.
`NSUTF32LittleEndianStringEncoding`	0x9c000100	`NSUTF32StringEncoding` encoding with explicit endianness specified.
`NSProprietaryStringEncoding`	65536	As the name of the enum infers, used for custom, proprietary encodings.

Endianness

We won’t go into detail in this book about string support, but I do want to call out endian. As you can be confident, this is neither a reference to a citizen of the country of India nor a reference to a Native American person, but rather a reference to the order in which bytes are stored in memory. Little endian stores data with the least significant byte in the smallest address. Big endian stores the most significant byte of a data word in the smallest memory address and the least significant byte in the largest address. The iOS operating system stores data in the little endian format.

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