Exchanging Documents with VB and XML

Oct 1, 2000

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Dig a Little Deeper

As documented on MSDN, the code generator contains some limitations in terms of the schema and the functionality that it supports (keep in mind that in addition to the code generator discussed here, the BizTalk JumpStart Kit includes a code generator that yields similar results but that has different limitations). However, if you're willing to get your hands a little bit dirty with MSXML, you can modify the generated code to fit your own needs. For example, in this project we added Hydrate and SaveXML methods to the CXML_Document class; in so doing, the component could load its object model based on an array structure that is used in an existing application, and could then write out the contents of the object model to an XML file, respectively.

The SaveXML method, which can be seen in Listing 2, uses the DOMDocument, IXMLDOMElement, and IXMLDomNode objects exposed by MSXML to create new elements from private data that is encapsulated in the CXML_Document object, and then add them to the Document element before appending it to the XML file. With the basic model, you can create elements using the createElement method of the DOMDocument object (which represents the entire XML file) and then use the setAttribute method of the returned IXMLDOMElement object to create its attributes. You can then add the new element to an existing element using the appendChild method. The following simplified code snippet shows how the Name element of the XML document is created using MSXML.

Dim xmlDoc As DOMDocument
Dim newDoc As IXMLDOMElement
Dim xmlElem As IXMLDOMElement
Dim root As IXMLDOMNode

' Load and create xmlDoc …

' Set the root to CirculationData
Set root = xmlDoc.documentElement

' Create a new Document element
Set newDoc = xmlDoc.createElement("Document")

' … add other elements here

' Create the new Name element
Set xmlElem = xmlDoc.createElement("Name")

' Add its attributes
With xmlElem
    .setAttribute "FName", m_obj_Name.FName
    .setAttribute "LName", m_obj_Name.LName
    .setAttribute "SubscriberTitle", m_obj_Name.SubscriberTitle
    .setAttribute "CompanyName", m_obj_Name.CompanyName
    .setAttribute "NameChange", m_obj_Name.NameChange
    .setAttribute "NameAdd", m_obj_Name.NameAdd
    .setAttribute "Dept", m_obj_Name.Dept
End With    

    ' Append the Name element under the Document element
    newDoc.appendChild xmlElem

' Append the Document element under the root
root.appendChild newDoc

' Write out the file
xmlDoc.save pXMLFile

Notice that the m_obj_Name private variable refers to a CXML_Name object that is generated by the code generator and holds the representation for data in the Name element. Listing 3 shows a part of the XML document that is produced by the SaveXML method.

By using the combination of an NT service and a component model, it is relatively simple to create a process that parses XML documents and extracts their contents for loading in a database. So why don't you get started putting XML to work?

Figure 1 The application architecture. Via FTP, documents are transferred to a central server by the data entry vendor; there they are processed by an NT service that parses them and loads their contents into a SQL database via COM components that run in MTS.

Listing 1 The XML-Data Schema for the Data Collection Company

<?xml version ="1.0"?>
<Schema name="ACME DataCollection" xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:xml-data"
     xmlns:dt="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:datatypes">

 <AttributeType name = "PublicationID" dt:type = "int" required = "yes"/>
 <AttributeType name = "DataSourceCode" dt:type = "string" required = "yes"/>
 <AttributeType name = "PromoCodeScan" dt:type = "string" required = "yes"/>
 <AttributeType name = "SubscriberID" dt:type = "string"/>
 <AttributeType name = "Receive" dt:type = "enumeration" dt:values = "Y N NULL" required = "yes"/>
 <AttributeType name = "AddressChange" dt:type = "enumeration" dt:values = "Y N" default = "N"/>
 <AttributeType name = "Signature" dt:type = "enumeration" dt:values = "Y N" default = "N"/>
 <AttributeType name = "SignatureMatch" dt:type = "enumeration" dt:values = "Y N" default = "N"/>
 <AttributeType name = "ScanDate" dt:type = "dateTime" required = "yes"/>
 <AttributeType name = "FName" dt:type = "string"/>
 <AttributeType name = "LName" dt:type = "string"/>
 <AttributeType name = "SubscriberTitle" dt:type = "string"/>
 <AttributeType name = "CompanyName" dt:type = "string"/>
 <AttributeType name = "NameChange" dt:type = "enumeration" dt:values = "Y N" default = "N"/>
 <AttributeType name = "NameAdd" dt:type = "enumeration" dt:values = "Y N" default = "N"/>
 <AttributeType name = "Dept" dt:type = "string"/>
 <AttributeType name = "KillCode" dt:type = "enumeration" dt:values = "K D P R" required = "yes"/>
 <AttributeType name = "ImmediateNeed" dt:type = "enumeration" dt:values = "Y N" default = "N"/>
 <AttributeType name = "Sequence" dt:type = "int" required = "yes"/>
 <AttributeType name = "QuestionCode" dt:type = "string" required = "yes"/>
 <AttributeType name = "AnswerCode" dt:type = "string" required = "yes"/>
 <AttributeType name = "FirstName" dt:type = "string" required = "yes"/>
 <AttributeType name = "LastName" dt:type = "string" required = "yes"/>
 <AttributeType name = "Address" dt:type = "string"/>
 <AttributeType name = "Address2" dt:type = "string"/>
 <AttributeType name = "MailStop" dt:type = "string"/>
 <AttributeType name = "Country" dt:type = "string" default = "USA"/>
 <AttributeType name = "City" dt:type = "string"/>
 <AttributeType name = "StateProvince" dt:type = "string"/>
 <AttributeType name = "FDPostalCode" dt:type = "string"/>
 <AttributeType name = "AddressType" dt:type = "enumeration" dt:values = "H B" default = "B"/>
 <AttributeType name = "TextResponse" dt:type = "string"/>
 <AttributeType name = "DocumentID" dt:type = "string" required = "yes"/>
 <AttributeType name = "VendorID" dt:type = "int" required = "yes"/>
 <AttributeType name = "PromoCode" dt:type = "string"/>
 <AttributeType name = "ElapsedTime" dt:type = "number" required = "yes"/>
 <AttributeType name = "OperatorID" dt:type = "string" required = "yes"/>
 <AttributeType name = "Specialist" dt:type = "enumeration" dt:values = "Y N" default = "N"/>
 <AttributeType name = "SpecialistMessage" dt:type = "string"/>
 <AttributeType name = "Rescan" dt:type = "enumeration" dt:values = "Y N" default = "N"/>
 <AttributeType name = "Extension" dt:type = "string"/>
    <ElementType name = "DocIndex" content = "empty"  model = "closed">
        <attribute type = "PublicationID"/>
        <attribute type = "DataSourceCode"/>
        <attribute type = "PromoCodeScan"/>
        <attribute type = "ScanDate"/>
    </ElementType>

    <ElementType name = "Subscriber" content = "empty"  model = "closed">
        <attribute type = "SubscriberID"/>
        <attribute type = "Receive"/>
        <attribute type = "AddressChange"/>
        <attribute type = "Signature"/>
        <attribute type = "SignatureMatch"/>
    </ElementType>

    <ElementType name = "Name" content = "empty"  model = "closed">
        <attribute type = "FName"/>
        <attribute type = "LName"/>
        <attribute type = "SubscriberTitle"/>
        <attribute type = "CompanyName"/>
        <attribute type = "NameChange"/>
        <attribute type = "NameAdd"/>
        <attribute type = "Dept"/>
    </ElementType>

    <ElementType name = "KillSubscriber" content = "textOnly"  model = "closed">
        <attribute type = "KillCode"/>
    </ElementType>

    <ElementType name = "PhoneNo" content = "textOnly"  model = "closed">
        <attribute type = "Extension"/>
    </ElementType>

    <ElementType name = "FaxNo"  content = "textOnly"/>
    <ElementType name = "Internet"  content = "textOnly"/>
    <ElementType name = "Email" content = "textOnly"/>
    <ElementType name = "IssueDate" content = "textOnly"/>
    <ElementType name = "DocumentResponse" content = "empty" model = "closed">
        <attribute type = "Sequence"/>
        <attribute type = "QuestionCode"/>
        <attribute type = "AnswerCode"/>
        <attribute type = "TextResponse"/>
    </ElementType>
    <ElementType name = "BingoResponse" content = "textOnly" model = "closed">
        <attribute type = "ImmediateNeed"/>
    </ElementType>
    <ElementType name = "PassAlong" content = "empty" model = "closed">
        <attribute type = "Sequence"/>
        <attribute type = "FirstName"/>
        <attribute type = "LastName"/>
        <attribute type = "SubscriberTitle"/>
        <attribute type = "CompanyName"/>
        <attribute type = "Address"/>
        <attribute type = "Address2"/>
        <attribute type = "Country"/>
        <attribute type = "City"/>
        <attribute type = "StateProvince"/>
        <attribute type = "FDPostalCode"/>
    </ElementType>
    <ElementType name = "DocumentAddress" content = "empty" model = "closed">
        <attribute type = "Address" required = "yes"/>
        <attribute type = "Address2"/>
        <attribute type = "MailStop"/>
        <attribute type = "Country"/>
        <attribute type = "City"/>
        <attribute type = "StateProvince"/>
        <attribute type = "FDPostalCode"/>
        <attribute type = "AddressType"/>
    </ElementType>
    <ElementType name = "CirculationData" model = "closed" content = "eltOnly" order = "seq">
        <element type = "Document" minOccurs = "1" maxOccurs = "*"/>
    </ElementType>

    <ElementType name = "Document" content = "eltOnly" order = "seq"  model = "closed">
        <attribute type = "DocumentID"/>
        <attribute type = "VendorID"/>
        <attribute type = "PromoCode"/>
        <attribute type = "ElapsedTime"/>
        <attribute type = "OperatorID"/>
        <attribute type = "Specialist"/>
        <attribute type = "SpecialistMessage"/>
        <attribute type = "Rescan"/>
        <element type = "DocIndex" minOccurs = "0" maxOccurs = "1"/>
        <element type = "Subscriber"/>
        <element type = "Name"/>
        <element type = "KillSubscriber" minOccurs = "0" maxOccurs = "*"/>
        <element type = "PhoneNo" minOccurs = "0" maxOccurs = "1"/>
        <element type = "FaxNo" minOccurs = "0" maxOccurs = "1"/>
        <element type = "Internet" minOccurs = "0" maxOccurs = "1"/>
        <element type = "Email" minOccurs = "0" maxOccurs = "1"/>
        <element type = "DocumentResponse" minOccurs = "0" maxOccurs = "*"/>
        <element type = "BingoResponse" minOccurs = "0" maxOccurs = "*"/>
        <element type = "DocumentAddress" minOccurs = "0" maxOccurs = "*"/>
        <element type = "PassAlong" minOccurs = "0" maxOccurs = "*"/>
    </ElementType>

</Schema>

Listing 2 The Custom `SaveXML` Method Used to Extract Data from the Object Model and Save It to the Given File

Public Sub SaveXML(ByVal pXMLFile As String, ByVal pAppend As Boolean, _
ByVal pElapsedTime As Long)

' Check to see if a document has data. If it does, don't build it

Static xmlDoc As DOMDocument
Static strXMLFile As String
Dim objFS As FileSystemObject
Dim objText As TextStream
Dim newDoc As IXMLDOMElement
Dim xmlElem As IXMLDOMElement
Dim root As IXMLDOMNode
Dim i As Integer


' Write out the XML

On Error GoTo SaveXMLErr

Set objFS = New FileSystemObject

If pAppend Then
    ' Raise an error if the file is not found
    If Not objFS.FileExists(pXMLFile) Then
        ' Create the file if it does not exist
        Set objText = objFS.OpenTextFile(pXMLFile, ForWriting, True)
        
        ' Put in the header
        objText.WriteLine ""
        objText.WriteLine ""
        objText.WriteLine ""
        
        objText.Close
        
        Set xmlDoc = Nothing
        strXMLFile = vbNullString
    End If
        
Else
    ' Create the file if it does not exist
    Set objText = objFS.OpenTextFile(pXMLFile, ForWriting, True)
    
    ' Put in the header
    objText.WriteLine ""
    objText.WriteLine ""
    objText.WriteLine ""
    
    objText.Close
    
    Set xmlDoc = Nothing
    strXMLFile = vbNullString
End If

Set objText = Nothing
Set objFS = Nothing

' Load the XML document
If strXMLFile <> pXMLFile Then
    Set xmlDoc = New DOMDocument
    xmlDoc.async = False
    xmlDoc.Load pXMLFile
End If

strXMLFile = pXMLFile

' Set the root to CirculationData
Set root = xmlDoc.documentElement

'***************************************************
' Create the new Document
Set newDoc = xmlDoc.createElement("Document")

' Add its attributes
With newDoc
    .setAttribute "DocumentID", m_str_DocumentID
    If m_lng_VendorID <> 0 Then .setAttribute "VendorID", m_lng_VendorID
    If m_str_PromoCode <> vbNullString Then .setAttribute "PromoCode", m_str_PromoCode
    .setAttribute "ElapsedTime", pElapsedTime
    .setAttribute "OperatorID", m_str_OperatorID
    .setAttribute "Specialist", m_str_Specialist
    .setAttribute "SpecialistMessage", m_str_SpecialistMessage
    .setAttribute "Rescan", m_str_Rescan
End With

'****************************************************
' Add the DocIndex element
If m_col_DocIndex.Count = 1 Then
    Set xmlElem = xmlDoc.createElement("DocIndex")
    
    ' Add its attributes
    With xmlElem
        If m_col_DocIndex(1).PublicationID <> 0 Then _
.setAttribute "PublicationID", m_col_DocIndex(1).PublicationID
        If m_col_DocIndex(1).DataSourceCode <> vbNullString Then _
.setAttribute "DataSourceCode", m_col_DocIndex(1).DataSourceCode
        If m_col_DocIndex(1).PromoCodeScan <> vbNullString Then _
.setAttribute "PromoCodeScan", m_col_DocIndex(1).PromoCodeScan
        If m_col_DocIndex(1).ScanDate <> 0 Then _
.setAttribute "ScanDate", m_col_DocIndex(1).ScanDate
    End With
    
    newDoc.appendChild xmlElem
End If

'****************************************************
' Add the Subscriber element
Set xmlElem = xmlDoc.createElement("Subscriber")

' Add its attributes
With xmlElem
    If m_obj_Subscriber.SubscriberID <> vbNullString Then _
.setAttribute "SubscriberID", m_obj_Subscriber.SubscriberID
    .setAttribute "Receive", m_obj_Subscriber.Receive
    .setAttribute "AddressChange", m_obj_Subscriber.AddressChange
    .setAttribute "Signature", m_obj_Subscriber.Signature
    .setAttribute "SignatureMatch", m_obj_Subscriber.SignatureMatch
End With

newDoc.appendChild xmlElem

'****************************************************
' Add the Name element
Set xmlElem = xmlDoc.createElement("Name")

' Add its attributes
With xmlElem
    If m_obj_Name.FName <> vbNullString Then .setAttribute "FName", m_obj_Name.FName
    If m_obj_Name.LName <> vbNullString Then .setAttribute "LName", m_obj_Name.LName
    If m_obj_Name.SubscriberTitle <> vbNullString Then _
.setAttribute "SubscriberTitle", m_obj_Name.SubscriberTitle
    .setAttribute "CompanyName", m_obj_Name.CompanyName
    .setAttribute "NameChange", m_obj_Name.NameChange
    .setAttribute "NameAdd", m_obj_Name.NameAdd
    If m_obj_Name.Dept <> vbNullString Then .setAttribute "Dept", m_obj_Name.Dept
End With

newDoc.appendChild xmlElem

'****************************************************
' Add the KillSubscriber elements
For i = 1 To m_col_KillSubscriber.Count
    Set xmlElem = xmlDoc.createElement("KillSubscriber")
    ' Add its attributes
    With xmlElem
        .Text = m_col_KillSubscriber(i).Value
        .setAttribute "KillCode", m_col_KillSubscriber(i).KillCode
        .setAttribute "FName", m_col_KillSubscriber(i).FName
        .setAttribute "LName", m_col_KillSubscriber(i).LName
    End With
    
    newDoc.appendChild xmlElem
Next i

'****************************************************
' Add the PhoneNo element
If m_col_PhoneNo.Count = 1 Then
    Set xmlElem = xmlDoc.createElement("PhoneNo")
    
    ' Add its attributes
    With xmlElem
        .Text = m_col_PhoneNo(1).Value
        .setAttribute "Extension", m_col_PhoneNo(1).Extension
    End With
    
    newDoc.appendChild xmlElem
End If

'****************************************************
' Add the FaxNo element
If m_col_FaxNo.Count = 1 Then
    Set xmlElem = xmlDoc.createElement("FaxNo")
    
    ' Add its attributes
    With xmlElem
        .Text = m_col_FaxNo(1)
    End With
    
    newDoc.appendChild xmlElem
End If

'****************************************************
' Add the Internet element
If m_col_Internet.Count = 1 Then
    Set xmlElem = xmlDoc.createElement("Internet")
    
    ' Add its attributes
    With xmlElem
        .Text = m_col_Internet(1)
    End With
    
    newDoc.appendChild xmlElem
End If

'****************************************************
' Add the Email element
If m_col_Email.Count = 1 Then
    Set xmlElem = xmlDoc.createElement("Email")
    
    ' Add its attributes
    With xmlElem
        .Text = m_col_Email(1)
    End With
    
    newDoc.appendChild xmlElem
End If

'****************************************************
' Add the Issue Date element
If m_col_IssueDate.Count = 1 Then
    Set xmlElem = xmlDoc.createElement("IssueDate")
    
    ' Add its attributes
    With xmlElem
        .Text = m_col_IssueDate(1)
    End With
    
    newDoc.appendChild xmlElem
End If

'****************************************************
' Add the Document Response elements
For i = 1 To m_col_DocumentResponse.Count
    Set xmlElem = xmlDoc.createElement("DocumentResponse")
    
    ' Add its attributes
    With xmlElem
        .setAttribute "Sequence", m_col_DocumentResponse(i).Sequence
        .setAttribute "QuestionCode", m_col_DocumentResponse(i).QuestionCode
        .setAttribute "AnswerCode", m_col_DocumentResponse(i).AnswerCode
        If m_col_DocumentResponse(i).TextResponse <> vbNullString Then _
.setAttribute "TextResponse", m_col_DocumentResponse(i).TextResponse
    End With
    
    newDoc.appendChild xmlElem
Next i

'****************************************************
' Add the BingoResponse elements
For i = 1 To m_col_BingoResponse.Count
    Set xmlElem = xmlDoc.createElement("BingoResponse")
    ' Add its attributes
    With xmlElem
        .Text = m_col_BingoResponse(i).Value
        .setAttribute "ImmediateNeed", m_col_BingoResponse(i).ImmediateNeed
    End With
    
    newDoc.appendChild xmlElem
Next i

'****************************************************
' Add the DocumentAddress elements
For i = 1 To m_col_DocumentAddress.Count
    Set xmlElem = xmlDoc.createElement("DocumentAddress")
    ' Add its attributes
    With xmlElem
        .setAttribute "Address", m_col_DocumentAddress(i).Address
        If m_col_DocumentAddress(i).Address2 <> vbNullString Then _
.setAttribute "Address2", m_col_DocumentAddress(i).Address2
        If m_col_DocumentAddress(i).MailStop <> vbNullString Then _
.setAttribute "MailStop", m_col_DocumentAddress(i).MailStop
        If m_col_DocumentAddress(i).Country <> vbNullString Then _
.setAttribute "Country", m_col_DocumentAddress(i).Country
        If m_col_DocumentAddress(i).City <> vbNullString Then _
.setAttribute "City", m_col_DocumentAddress(i).City
        If m_col_DocumentAddress(i).StateProvince <> vbNullString Then _
.setAttribute "StateProvince", m_col_DocumentAddress(i).StateProvince
        If m_col_DocumentAddress(i).FDPostalCode <> vbNullString Then _
.setAttribute "FDPostalCode", m_col_DocumentAddress(i).FDPostalCode
        .setAttribute "AddressType", m_col_DocumentAddress(i).AddressType
    End With
    
    newDoc.appendChild xmlElem
Next i

'****************************************************
' Add the PassAlong elements
For i = 1 To m_col_PassAlong.Count
    Set xmlElem = xmlDoc.createElement("PassAlong")
    ' Add its attributes
    With xmlElem
        .setAttribute "Sequence", m_col_PassAlong(i).Sequence
        .setAttribute "FirstName", m_col_PassAlong(i).FirstName
        .setAttribute "LastName", m_col_PassAlong(i).LastName
         If m_col_PassAlong(i).SubscriberTitle <> vbNullString Then _
.setAttribute "SubscriberTitle", m_col_PassAlong(i).SubscriberTitle
         If m_col_PassAlong(i).CompanyName <> vbNullString Then _
.setAttribute "CompanyName", m_col_PassAlong(i).CompanyName
         If m_col_PassAlong(i).Address <> vbNullString Then _
.setAttribute "Address", m_col_PassAlong(i).Address
         If m_col_PassAlong(i).Address2 <> vbNullString Then _
.setAttribute "Address2", m_col_PassAlong(i).Address2
         If m_col_PassAlong(i).Country <> vbNullString Then _
.setAttribute "Country", m_col_PassAlong(i).Country
         If m_col_PassAlong(i).City <> vbNullString Then _
.setAttribute "City", m_col_PassAlong(i).City
         If m_col_PassAlong(i).StateProvince <> vbNullString Then _
.setAttribute "StateProvince", m_col_PassAlong(i).StateProvince
         If m_col_PassAlong(i).FDPostalCode <> vbNullString Then _
.setAttribute "FDPostalCode", m_col_PassAlong(i).FDPostalCode
    End With
    
    newDoc.appendChild xmlElem
Next i


' Append the document element
root.appendChild newDoc

' Write out the file
xmlDoc.save pXMLFile

Exit Sub
SaveXMLErr:
    Err.Raise vbObjectError + 5000, "SaveXML", _
"An error occurred during the save: " & Err.Description
    Set objFS = Nothing
    Set xmlDoc = Nothing
    strXMLFile = vbNullString
    Set objText = Nothing
End Sub

Listing 3 Partial XML Produced by the SaveXML Method

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This web site contains links to other sites. Please be aware that we are not responsible for the privacy practices of such other sites. We encourage our users to be aware when they leave our site and to read the privacy statements of each and every web site that collects Personal Information. This privacy statement applies solely to information collected by this web site.

Requests and Contact

Please contact us about this Privacy Notice or if you have any requests or questions relating to the privacy of your personal information.

Changes to this Privacy Notice

We may revise this Privacy Notice through an updated posting. We will identify the effective date of the revision in the posting. Often, updates are made to provide greater clarity or to comply with changes in regulatory requirements. If the updates involve material changes to the collection, protection, use or disclosure of Personal Information, Pearson will provide notice of the change through a conspicuous notice on this site or other appropriate way. Continued use of the site after the effective date of a posted revision evidences acceptance. Please contact us if you have questions or concerns about the Privacy Notice or any objection to any revisions.

Last Update: November 17, 2020

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