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Objective-C for Java Programmers, Part 1

Mar 12, 2010

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Files and Compilation Units

Both Objective-C and Java store source code in files (unlike Smalltalk and a lot of Lisp environments). In Java, there is no difference between a file and a compilation unit. Objective-C, unfortunately, inherits the horrible mess that is the C preprocessor. In Objective-C, a compilation unit is a source file and every other file that has been included in it by the preprocessor.

Objective-C extends the C preprocessor slightly, adding a #import directive. This is similar to #include but prevents multiple inclusion. If you #import a file, then you will only get one copy of it in the current compilation unit, no matter how many times you #import it.

In Java, the closest equivalent is the import directive. This is very different; it specifies a namespace that should be used to resolve a class. The Objective-C equivalent is much simpler; it just includes the text content of the specified file.

The preprocessor adds a bit of flexibility to Objective-C. You get things such as conditional compilation and some primitive metaprogramming tools, but it's quite basic.

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