Introduction to DB2

Jul 3, 2008

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This chapter introduced DB2 and its history, discusses the types of clients and servers available with DB2, and covers the types of clients and servers available with DB2.

This chapter is from the book 

Understanding DB2: Learning Visually with Examples, 2nd Edition

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DATABASE 2 (DB2) for Linux, UNIX, and Windows is a data server developed by IBM. Version 9.5, available since October 2007, is the most current version of the product, and the one on which we focus in this book.

In this chapter you will learn about the following:

The history of DB2
The information management portfolio of products
How DB2 is developed
DB2 server editions and clients
How DB2 is packaged for developers
Syntax diagram conventions

1.1 Brief History of DB2

Since the 1970s, when IBM Research invented the Relational Model and the Structured Query Language (SQL), IBM has developed a complete family of data servers. Development started on mainframe platforms such as Virtual Machine (VM), Virtual Storage Extended (VSE), and Multiple Virtual Storage (MVS). In 1983, DB2 for MVS Version 1 was born. "DB2" was used to indicate a shift from hierarchical databases—such as the Information Management System (IMS) popular at the time—to the new relational databases. DB2 development continued on mainframe platforms as well as on distributed platforms.¹ Figure 1.1 shows some of the highlights of DB2 history.

Figure 1.1 DB2 timeline

In 1996, IBM announced DB2 Universal Database (UDB) Version 5 for distributed platforms. With this version, DB2 was able to store all kinds of electronic data, including traditional relational data, as well as audio, video, and text documents. It was the first version optimized for the Web, and it supported a range of distributed platforms—for example, OS/2, Windows, AIX, HP-UX, and Solaris—from multiple vendors. Moreover, this universal database was able to run on a variety of hardware, from uniprocessor systems and symmetric multiprocessor (SMP) systems to massively parallel processing (MPP) systems and clusters of SMP systems.

Even though the relational model to store data is the most prevalent in the industry today, the hierarchical model never lost its importance. In the past few years, due to the popularity of eXtensible Markup Language (XML), a resurgence in the use of the hierarchical model has taken place. XML, a flexible, self-describing language, relies on the hierarchical model to store data. With the emergence of new Web technologies, the need to store unstructured types of data, and to share and exchange information between businesses, XML proves to be the best language to meet these needs. Today we see an exponential growth of XML documents usage.

IBM recognized early on the importance of XML, and large investments were made to deliver pureXML technology; a technology that provides for better support to store XML documents in DB2. After five years of development, the effort of 750 developers, architects, and engineers paid off with the release of the first hybrid data server in the market: DB2 9. DB2 9, available since July 2006, is a hybrid (also known as multi-structured) data server because it allows for storing relational data, as well as hierarchical data, natively. While other data servers in the market, and previous versions of DB2 could store XML documents, the storage method used was not ideal for performance and flexibility. With DB2 9's pureXML technology, XML documents are stored internally in a parsed hierarchical manner, as a tree; therefore, working with XML documents is greatly enhanced. In 2007, IBM has gone even further in its support for pureXML, with the release of DB2 9.5. DB2 9.5, the latest version of DB2, not only enhances and introduces new features of pureXML, but it also brings improvements in installation, manageability, administration, scalability and performance, workload management and monitoring, regulatory compliance, problem determination, support for application development, and support for business partner applications.

NOTE

Before a new version of DB2 is publicly available, a code name is used to identify the product. Once the product is publicly available, the code name is not used. DB2 9 had a code name of "Viper", and DB2 9.5 had a code name of "Viper 2". Some references in published articles may still use these code names.

Note as well that there is no DB2 9.2, DB2 9.3 or DB2 9.4. The version was changed from DB2 9 directly to DB2 9.5 to signify major changes and new features in the product.

DB2 is available for many platforms including System z (DB2 for z/OS) and System i (DB2 for i5/OS). Unless otherwise noted, when we use the term DB2, we are referring to DB2 version 9.5 running on Linux, UNIX, or Windows.

DB2 is part of the IBM information management (IM) portfolio. Table 1.1 shows the different IM products available.

Table 1.1. Information Management Products

Information Management Products	Description	Product Offerings
Data Servers	Provide software services for the secure and efficient management of data and enable the sharing of information across multiple platforms.	IBM DB2 IBM IMS IBM Informix IBM U2
Data Warehousing and Business Intelligence	Help customers collect, prepare, manage, analyze, and extract valuable information from all data types to help them make faster, more insightful business decisions.	DB2 Alphablox DB2 Cube Views DB2 Warehouse Edition DB2 Query Management Facility
Enterprise Content Management & Discovery	Manage content, process, and connectivity. The content includes both structured and unstructured data, such as e-mails, electronic forms, images, digital media, word processing documents, and Web content. Perform enterprise search and discovery of information.	DB2 Content Manager DB2 Common Store DB2 CM OnDemand DB2 Records Manager FileNet P8 and its add-on suites OmniFind
Information Integration	Bring together distributed information from heterogeneous environments. Companies view their information as if it were all residing in one place.	IBM Information Server integration software platform, consisting of: - WebSphere Federation Server - WebSphere Replication Server - WebSphere DataStage - WebSphere ProfileStage - WebSphere QualityStage - WebSphere Information Services Director - WebSphere Metadata Server - WebSphere Business Glossary - WebSphere Data Event Publisher

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