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Wi-Fi 7 In Depth: Your guide to mastering Wi-Fi 7, the 802.11be protocol, and their deployment

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Wi-Fi 7 In Depth: Your guide to mastering Wi-Fi 7, the 802.11be protocol, and their deployment

By Jerome Henry, Binita Gupta, Brian Hart
Published Oct 4, 2024 by Addison-Wesley Professional.

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Description

Copyright 2025
Edition: 1st

eBook
ISBN-10: 0-13-532358-4
ISBN-13: 978-0-13-532358-8

An essential guide for networking professionals responsible for implementing Wi-Fi 7

Join wireless networking experts Jerome Henry, Brian Hart, Binita Gupta, and Malcolm Smith on this deep dive into Wi-Fi 7 and 802.11be. The authors explore how to design and optimize your network to fully leverage Wi-Fi 7's new capabilities.

You will learn in detail the inner workings of Wi-Fi 7 improvements like rTWT, puncturing, triggered uplink access, and SCS QC. You will explore the new possibilities of multi-link operations and learn why clients will come in five possible MLO modes that dramatically change the expectations you can have for their performances. Youll gain practical, real-world insights into protocol implementation and its effects on cell design, roaming efficiency, and overall network performance.

This book is an invaluable resource for anyone who designs, manages, and optimizes wireless networks or works with 802.11, from network architects and wireless network administrators to network engineers and anyone whose job includes the need to face the Wi-Fi 7 wave or understand 802.11be and its challenges in depth.

Whether you are new to IEEE 802.11 standards or looking to deepen your understanding of the latest wireless networking advancements, this book gives you the knowledge and expertise to stay ahead in the evolving Wi-Fi technology landscape.

Includes a foreword by Matt MacPherson (CTO of Wireless, Cisco Systems)

In this book, you will:

Understand the foundational concepts of Wi-Fi and the 802.11be protocol
Explore the challenges and balance of backward compatibility in Wi-Fi 7 development
Learn about the enhancements introduced in Wi-Fi 6 and Wi-Fi 6E and their impact on 802.11be
Explore the enhancements in transmission and reception techniques, channel structure and multi-user access management
Learn about Multi-Link Operation (MLO) and its five different modes
Understand Quality of Service (QoS) mechanisms and priority scheduling
Examine site survey and network planning considerations specific to Wi-Fi 7 deployments

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Sample Content

Foreword by Matt MacPherson

Preface

Chapter 1: Wi-Fi Fundamentals.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Evolution of 802.11 Standards.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

The 802.11 Architecture.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

The 802.11 Connection Process.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Channel Access Rules. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

Summary.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

Chapter 2: Reaching the Limits of Traditional Wi-Fi .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

The Burden of Roaming.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

A Limited QoS Scheme.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

Coexistence Challenges.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

802.11 Security.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

Summary.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57

Chapter 3: Building on the Wi-Fi 6 Revolution.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58

Channel Efficiency Improvements.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58

Functional Improvements.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70

Wi-Fi in the 6 GHz Band.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88

Summary.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97

Chapter 4: The Main Ideas in 802.11be and Wi-Fi 7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98

Pressure from the Market and Previous Generations Limitations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99

Wi-Fi 7 Expected Challenges.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129

Summary.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131

Chapter 5: EHT Physical Layer Enhancements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134

Wi-Fi7 in a Nutshell.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134

Purposes and Opportunities for the Physical Layer.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136

PPDU Formats and Their Fields.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139

Construction of the Data Field.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144

Major Wi-Fi 7 PHY Innovations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149

Minor Wi-Fi 7 PHY Innovations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169

PHY Capability Signaling.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .171

Summary.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .174

Chapter 6: EHT MAC Enhancements for Multi-Link Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176

MLO Architecture. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176

MLD Discovery and Association. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182

MLD Data Plane.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194

MLO Modes.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 198

ML Reconfiguration.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207

Link Management.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213

Other MLO Enhancements.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 218

Summary.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221

Chapter 7: EHT MAC Operation and Key Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 222

EHT BSS Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 222

Enhanced SCS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 233

Restricted TWT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245

Triggered TXOP Sharing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 252

EPCS Priority Access . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257

Wi-Fi 7 Security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 263

Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265

Chapter 8: Wi-Fi 7 Network Planning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 268

WLAN Design Principles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 268

Designing for Wi-Fi 7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 284

Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 296

Chapter 9: Future Directions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 298

Wi-Fi 8 Directions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 298

Localization and Sensing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 313

A Privacy-Respecting 802.11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 328

Summary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 338

Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 340

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