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Bluetooth Low Energy: The Developer's Handbook
- By Robin Heydon
- Published Oct 15, 2012 by Pearson.
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Description
- Copyright 2013
- Dimensions: 7" x 9-1/8"
- Pages: 368
- Edition: 1st
- eBook
- ISBN-10: 0-13-288841-6
- ISBN-13: 978-0-13-288841-7
The First Complete Guide to Bluetooth Low Energy: How It Works, What It Can Do, and How to Apply It
A radical departure from conventional Bluetooth technology, Bluetooth low energy (BLE) enables breakthrough wireless applications in industries ranging from healthcare to transportation. Running on a coin-sized battery, BLE can operate reliably for years, connecting and extending everything from personal area network devices to next-generation sensors. Now, one of the standard’s leading developers has written the first comprehensive, accessible introduction to BLE for every system developer, designer, and engineer.
Robin Heydon, a member of the Bluetooth SIG Hall of Fame, has brought together essential information previously scattered through multiple standards documents, sharing the context and expert insights needed to implement high-performance working systems. He first reviews BLE’s design goals, explaining how they drove key architectural decisions, and introduces BLE’s innovative usage models. Next, he thoroughly covers how the two main parts of BLE, the controller and host, work together, and then addresses key issues from security and profiles through testing and qualification. This knowledge has enabled the creation of Bluetooth Smart and Bluetooth Smart Ready devices.
This guide is an indispensable companion to the official BLE standards documents and is for every technical professional and decision-maker considering BLE, planning BLE products, or transforming plans into working systems.
Topics Include
- BLE device types, design goals, terminology, and core concepts
- Architecture: controller, host, applications, and stack splits
- Usage models: presence detection, data broadcasting, connectionless models, and gateways
- Physical Layer: modulation, frequency band, radio channels, power, tolerance, and range
- Direct Test Mode: transceiver testing, hardware interfaces, and HCI
- Link Layer: state machine, packets, channels, broadcasting, encryption, and optimization
- HCI: physical/logical interfaces, controller setup, and connection management
- L2CAP: channels and packet structure, and LE signaling channels
- Attributes: grouping, services, characteristics, and protocols
- Security: pairing, bonding, and data signing
- Generic Access Profiles: roles, modes, procedures, security modes, data advertising, and services
- Applications, devices, services, profiles, and peripherals
- Testing/qualification: starting projects, selecting features, planning, testing, compliance, and more
Sample Content
Table of Contents
Preface xvii
Acknowledgments xix
About the Author xxi
Part I: Overview 1
Chapter 1: What Is Bluetooth Low Energy? 3
1.1 Device Types 6
1.2 Design Goals 7
1.3 Terminology 9
Chapter 2: Basic Concepts 11
2.1 Button-Cell Batteries 11
2.2 Time Is Energy 12
2.3 Memory Is Expensive 13
2.4 Asymmetric Design 14
2.5 Design For Success 15
2.6 Everything Has State 16
2.7 Client-Server Architecture 17
2.8 Modular Architecture 18
2.9 One Billion Is a Small Number 19
2.10 Connectionless Model 19
2.11 Paradigms 20
Chapter 3: Architecture 27
3.1 Controller 27
3.2 The Host 32
3.3 The Application Layer 36
3.4 Stack Splits 38
Chapter 4: New Usage Models 41
4.1 Presence Detection 41
4.2 Broadcasting Data 42
4.3 Connectionless Model 43
4.4 Gateways 44
Part II: Controller 47
Chapter 5: The Physical Layer 49
5.1 Background 49
5.2 Analog Modulation 49
5.3 Digital Modulation 51
5.4 Frequency Band 54
5.5 Modulation 54
5.6 Radio Channels 55
5.7 Transmit Power 56
5.8 Tolerance 57
5.9 Receiver Sensitivity 57
5.10 Range 58
Chapter 6: Direct Test Mode 61
6.1 Background 61
6.2 Transceiver Testing 62
6.3 Hardware Interface 65
6.4 Direct Testing by Using HCI 67
Chapter 7: The Link Layer 69
7.1 The Link Layer State Machine 69
7.2 Packets 76
7.3 Packet Structure 79
7.4 Channels 84
7.5 Finding Devices 90
7.6 Broadcasting 92
7.7 Creating Connections 93
7.8 Sending Data 98
7.9 Encryption 104
7.10 Managing Connections 109
7.11 Robustness 120
7.12 Optimizations for Low Power 123
Chapter 8: The Host/Controller Interface 131
8.1 Introduction 131
8.2 Physical Interfaces 131
8.3 Logical Interface 135
8.4 Controller Setup 140
8.5 Broadcasting and Observing 148
8.6 Initiating Connections 153
8.7 Connection Management 158
Part III: Host 167
Chapter 9: Logical Link Control and Adaptation Protocol 169
9.1 Background 169
9.2 L2CAP Channels 171
9.3 The L2CAP Packet Structure 172
9.4 The LE Signaling Channel 173
Chapter 10: Attributes 179
10.1 Background 179
10.2 Attributes 189
10.3 Grouping 199
10.4 Services 199
10.5 Characteristics 210
10.6 The Attribute Protocol 217
10.7 The Generic Attribute Profile 231
Chapter 11: Security 241
11.1 Security Concepts 241
11.2 Pairing and Bonding 248
11.3 Signing of Data 252
Chapter 12: The Generic Access Profile 255
12.1 Background 255
12.2 GAP Roles 261
12.3 Modes and Procedures 262
12.4 Security Modes 270
12.5 Advertising Data 273
12.6 GAP Service 276
Part IV: Application 281
Chapter 13: Central 283
13.1 Background 283
13.2 Discovering Devices 283
13.3 Connecting to Devices 285
13.4 What Does This Device Do? 286
13.5 Generic Clients 287
13.6 Interacting with Services 288
13.7 Bonding 292
13.8 Changed Services 293
13.9 Implementing Profiles 294
Chapter 14: Peripherals 299
14.1 Background 299
14.2 Broadcast Only 299
14.3 Being Discoverable 300
14.4 Being Connectable 301
14.5 Exposing Services 301
14.6 Characteristics 302
14.7 Security Matters 303
14.8 Optimizing for Low Power 303
14.9 Optimizing Attributes 311
Chapter 15: Testing and Qualification 313
15.1 Starting a Project 313
15.2 Selecting Features 316
15.3 Consistency Check 316
15.4 Generating a Test Plan 317
15.5 Creating a Compliance Folder 317
15.6 Qualification Testing 318
15.7 Qualify Your Design 319
15.8 Declaring Compliance 320
15.9 Listing 321
15.10 Combining Components 321
Index 323
More Information
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