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- Sams Teach Yourself XML in 21 Days, Third Edition
- Table of Contents
- About the Author
- Acknowledgments
- We Want to Hear from You!
- Introduction
- Part I: At a Glance
- Day 1. Welcome to XML
- All About Markup Languages
- All About XML
- Looking at XML in a Browser
- Working with XML Data Yourself
- Structuring Your Data
- Creating Well-Formed XML Documents
- Creating Valid XML Documents
- How XML Is Used in the Real World
- Online XML Resources
- Summary
- Q&A
- Workshop
- Day 2. Creating XML Documents
- Choosing an XML Editor
- Using XML Browsers
- Using XML Validators
- Creating XML Documents Piece by Piece
- Creating Prologs
- Creating an XML Declaration
- Creating XML Comments
- Creating Processing Instructions
- Creating Tags and Elements
- Creating CDATA Sections
- Handling Entities
- Summary
- Q&A
- Workshop
- Day 3. Creating Well-Formed XML Documents
- What Makes an XML Document Well-Formed?
- Creating an Example XML Document
- Understanding the Well-Formedness Constraints
- Using XML Namespaces
- Understanding XML Infosets
- Understanding Canonical XML
- Summary
- Q&A
- Workshop
- Day 4. Creating Valid XML Documents: DTDs
- All About DTDs
- Validating a Document by Using a DTD
- Creating Element Content Models
- Commenting a DTD
- Supporting External DTDs
- Handling Namespaces in DTDs
- Summary
- Q&A
- Workshop
- Declaring Attributes in DTDs
- Day 5. Handling Attributes and Entities in DTDs
- Specifying Default Values
- Specifying Attribute Types
- Handling Entities
- Summary
- Q&A
- Workshop
- Day 6. Creating Valid XML Documents: XML Schemas
- Using XML Schema Tools
- Creating XML Schemas
- Dissecting an XML Schema
- The Built-in XML Schema Elements
- Creating Elements and Types
- Specifying a Number of Elements
- Specifying Element Default Values
- Creating Attributes
- Summary
- Q&A
- Workshop
- Day 7. Creating Types in XML Schemas
- Restricting Simple Types by Using XML Schema Facets
- Creating XML Schema Choices
- Using Anonymous Type Definitions
- Declaring Empty Elements
- Declaring Mixed-Content Elements
- Grouping Elements Together
- Grouping Attributes Together
- Declaring all Groups
- Handling Namespaces in Schemas
- Annotating an XML Schema
- Summary
- Q&A
- Workshop
- Part I. In Review
- Well-Formed Documents
- Valid Documents
- Part II: At a Glance
- Day 8. Formatting XML by Using Cascading Style Sheets
- Our Sample XML Document
- Introducing CSS
- Connecting CSS Style Sheets and XML Documents
- Creating Style Sheet Selectors
- Using Inline Styles
- Creating Style Rule Specifications in Style Sheets
- Summary
- Q&A
- Workshop
- Day 9. Formatting XML by Using XSLT
- Introducing XSLT
- Transforming XML by Using XSLT
- Writing XSLT Style Sheets
- Using <xsl:apply-templates>
- Using <xsl:value-of> and <xsl:for-each>
- Matching Nodes by Using the match Attribute
- Working with the select Attribute and XPath
- Using <xsl:copy>
- Using <xsl:if>
- Using <xsl:choose>
- Specifying the Output Document Type
- Summary
- Q&A
- Workshop
- Day 10. Working with XSL Formatting Objects
- Introducing XSL-FO
- Using XSL-FO
- Using XSL Formatting Objects and Properties
- Building an XSL-FO Document
- Handling Inline Formatting
- Formatting Lists
- Formatting Tables
- Summary
- Q&A
- Workshop
- Part II. In Review
- Using CSS
- Using XSLT
- Using XSL-FO
- Part III: At a Glance
- Day 11. Extending HTML with XHTML
- Why XHTML?
- Writing XHTML Documents
- Validating XHTML Documents
- The Basic XHTML Elements
- Organizing Text
- Formatting Text
- Selecting Fonts: <font>
- Comments: <!-->
- Summary
- Q&A
- Workshop
- Day 12. Putting XHTML to Work
- Creating Hyperlinks: <a>
- Linking to Other Documents: <link>
- Handling Images: <img>
- Creating Frame Documents: <frameset>
- Creating Frames: <frame>
- Creating Embedded Style Sheets: <style>
- Formatting Tables: <table>
- Creating Table Rows: <tr>
- Formatting Table Headers: <th>
- Formatting Table Data: <td>
- Extending XHTML
- Summary
- Q&A
- Workshop
- Day 13. Creating Graphics and Multimedia: SVG and SMIL
- Introducing SVG
- Creating an SVG Document
- Creating Rectangles
- Adobe's SVG Viewer
- Using CSS Styles
- Creating Circles
- Creating Ellipses
- Creating Lines
- Creating Polylines
- Creating Polygons
- Creating Text
- Creating Gradients
- Creating Paths
- Creating Text Paths
- Creating Groups and Transformations
- Creating Animation
- Creating Links
- Creating Scripts
- Embedding SVG in HTML
- Introducing SMIL
- Summary
- Q&A
- Workshop
- Day 14. Handling XLinks, XPointers, and XForms
- Introducing XLinks
- Beyond Simple XLinks
- Introducing XPointers
- Introducing XBase
- Introducing XForms
- Summary
- Workshop
- Part III. In Review
- Part IV: At a Glance
- Day 15. Using JavaScript and XML
- Introducing the W3C DOM
- Introducing the DOM Objects
- Working with the XML DOM in JavaScript
- Searching for Elements by Name
- Reading Attribute Values
- Getting All XML Data from a Document
- Validating XML Documents by Using DTDs
- Summary
- Q&A
- Workshop
- Day 16. Using Java and .NET: DOM
- Using Java to Read XML Data
- Finding Elements by Name
- Creating an XML Browser by Using Java
- Navigating Through XML Documents
- Writing XML by Using Java
- Summary
- Q&A
- Workshop
- Day 17. Using Java and .NET: SAX
- An Overview of SAX
- Using SAX
- Using SAX to Find Elements by Name
- Creating an XML Browser by Using Java and SAX
- Navigating Through XML Documents by Using SAX
- Writing XML by Using Java and SAX
- Summary
- Q&A
- Workshop
- Day 18. Working with SOAP and RDF
- Introducing SOAP
- A SOAP Example in .NET
- A SOAP Example in Java
- Introducing RDF
- Summary
- Q&A
- Workshop
- Part IV. In Review
- Part V: At a Glance
- Day 19. Handling XML Data Binding
- Introducing DSOs
- Binding HTML Elements to HTML Data
- Binding HTML Elements to XML Data
- Binding HTML Tables to XML Data
- Accessing Individual Data Fields
- Binding HTML Elements to XML Data by Using the XML DSO
- Binding HTML Tables to XML Data by Using the XML DSO
- Searching XML Data by Using a DSO and JavaScript
- Handling Hierarchical XML Data
- Summary
- Q&A
- Workshop
- Day 20. Working with XML and Databases
- XML, Databases, and ASP
- Storing Databases as XML
- Using XPath with a Database
- Introducing XQuery
- Summary
- Q&A
- Workshop
- Day 21. Handling XML in .NET
- Creating and Editing an XML Document in .NET
- From XML to Databases and Back
- Reading and Writing XML in .NET Code
- Using XML Controls to Display Formatted XML
- Creating XML Web Services
- Summary
- Q&A
- Workshop
- Part V. In Review
- Appendix A. Quiz Answers
- Quiz Answers for Day 1
- Quiz Answers for Day 2
- Quiz Answers for Day 3
- Quiz Answers for Day 4
- Quiz Answers for Day 5
- Quiz Answers for Day 6
- Quiz Answers for Day 7
- Quiz Answers for Day 8
- Quiz Answers for Day 9
- Quiz Answers for Day 10
- Quiz Answers for Day 11
- Quiz Answers for Day 12
- Quiz Answers for Day 13
- Quiz Answers for Day 14
- Quiz Answers for Day 15
- Quiz Answers for Day 16
- Quiz Answers for Day 17
- Quiz Answers for Day 18
- Quiz Answers for Day 19
- Quiz Answers for Day 20
- Quiz Answers for Day 21
Recommended Book
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Creating an XML Browser by Using Java and SAX
Yesterday, you were able to create a graphical browser by using DOM methods. You can do the same thing with SAX, but the coding is different. You'll use the same XML document as you did yesterday, ch17_04.xml (shown in Listing 17.4), which lets you display a series of squares.
Example 17.4. An XML Document with a DTD (ch17_04.xml)
<?xml version = "1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE document [
<!ELEMENT document (square)*>
<!ELEMENT square EMPTY>
<!ATTLIST square
x CDATA #IMPLIED
y CDATA #IMPLIED
width CDATA #IMPLIED>
]>
<document>
<square x='220' y='130' width='50' />
<square x='140' y='180' width='15' />
<square x='60' y='100' width='45' />
<square x='210' y='190' width='35' />
<square x='20' y='200' width='25' />
<square x='260' y='280' width='45' />
<square x='220' y='220' width='25' />
<square x='90' y='180' width='35' />
<square x='140' y='290' width='55' />
</document>
Yesterday you created the visual interface. The trick today will be to extract the x, y, and width data for each square. As you did yesterday, you need to put aside storage space for these items in arrays named x, y, and width:
public class ch17_05 extends DefaultHandler
{
static int totalFigures = 0;
static int x[] = new int[100];
static int y[] = new int[100];
static int width[] = new int[100];
.
.
.
Now when you catch a <square> element in the startElement SAX method, you can get the values we need for each square by using the Attributes object's getValue method:
public void startElement(String uri, String localName,
String qualifiedName, Attributes attrs)
{
if (qualifiedName.equals("square")) {
x[totalFigures] = Integer.parseInt(attrs.getValue("x"));
y[totalFigures] = Integer.parseInt(attrs.getValue("y"));
width[totalFigures] = Integer.parseInt(attrs.getValue("width"));
totalFigures++;
}
}
Then you can draw your squares as you did yesterday, by passing your data to the AppFrame object after the childLoop method has extracted the needed data:
public static void main(String args[])
{
ch17_05 obj = new ch17_05();
obj.childLoop(args[0]);
AppFrame frame = new AppFrame(totalFigures, x, y, width);
frame.setSize(400, 400);
frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {public void
windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {System.exit(0);}});
frame.show();
}
Here's how to do the actual drawing in the AppFrame object:
class AppFrame extends Frame
{
int totalFigures;
int[] xValues;
int[] yValues;
int[] widthValues;
public AppFrame(int number, int[] x, int[] y, int[] width)
{
totalFigures = number;
xValues = x;
yValues = y;
widthValues = width;
}
public void paint(Graphics g)
{
for(int loopIndex = 0; loopIndex < totalFigures; loopIndex++){
g.drawRect(xValues[loopIndex], yValues[loopIndex],
widthValues[loopIndex], widthValues[loopIndex]);
}
}
}
Figure 17.3 shows the results. As the figure shows, the SAX graphical browser is indeed displaying the squares as the DOM graphical browser did yesterday.
)
Figure 17.3 A graphical XML browser that uses SAX.
Listing 17.5 shows the code for this example.
Example 17.5. An XML Browser That Uses SAX (ch17_05.java)
import java.io.*;
import java.awt.*;
import org.xml.sax.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import javax.xml.parsers.*;
import org.xml.sax.helpers.DefaultHandler;
public class ch17_05 extends DefaultHandler
{
static int totalFigures = 0;
static int x[] = new int[100];
static int y[] = new int[100];
static int width[] = new int[100];
public static void main(String args[])
{
ch17_05 obj = new ch17_05();
obj.childLoop(args[0]);
AppFrame frame = new AppFrame(totalFigures, x, y, width);
frame.setSize(400, 400);
frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {public void
windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {System.exit(0);}});
frame.show();
}
public void childLoop(String uri)
{
DefaultHandler defaultHandler = this;
SAXParserFactory factory = SAXParserFactory.newInstance();
try {
SAXParser saxParser = factory.newSAXParser();
saxParser.parse(new File(uri), defaultHandler);
} catch (Throwable t) {}
}
public void startElement(String uri, String localName,
String qualifiedName, Attributes attrs)
{
if (qualifiedName.equals("square")) {
x[totalFigures] = Integer.parseInt(attrs.getValue("x"));
y[totalFigures] = Integer.parseInt(attrs.getValue("y"));
width[totalFigures] = Integer.parseInt(attrs.getValue("width"));
totalFigures++;
}
}
public void warning(SAXParseException exception)
{
System.err.println("Warning: " +
exception.getMessage());
}
public void error(SAXParseException exception)
{
System.err.println("Error: " +
exception.getMessage());
}
public void fatalError(SAXParseException exception)
{
System.err.println("Fatal error: " +
exception.getMessage());
}
}
class AppFrame extends Frame
{
int totalFigures;
int[] xValues;
int[] yValues;
int[] widthValues;
public AppFrame(int number, int[] x, int[] y, int[] width)
{
totalFigures = number;
xValues = x;
yValues = y;
widthValues = width;
}
public void paint(Graphics g)
{
for(int loopIndex = 0; loopIndex < totalFigures; loopIndex++){
g.drawRect(xValues[loopIndex], yValues[loopIndex],
widthValues[loopIndex], widthValues[loopIndex]);
}
}
}