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Sams Teach Yourself XML in 21 Days

Sep 16, 2005

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Using `<xsl:choose>`

In addition to using <xsl:if> to make decisions, you can also use <xsl:choose>. This element lets you compare a test value against several possibilities.

Listing 9.16 shows an example that displays the names of the states in the sample XML document in red, white, and blue. This example uses <xsl:when> elements inside an <xsl:choose> element and sets the test attribute in those elements to the Boolean expression you want to test. For example, California is first in the list, so you can display it in red this way:

<xsl:template match="state">
    <xsl:choose>
        <xsl:when test="name = 'California'">
            <P>
                <FONT COLOR="RED">
                    <xsl:value-of select="name"/>
                </FONT>
            </P>
        </xsl:when>
    .
    .
    .

You can see the whole style sheet in Listing 9.16. Note that at the end of the group of <xsl:when> elements, there's an (optional) <xsl:otherwise> element; if none of the <xsl:when> elements match their test conditions, the <xsl:otherwise> element is chosen.

Example 9.16. An XSL Style Sheet That Uses `<xsl:choose>` (`ch09_16.xsl`)

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<xsl:stylesheet version="1.0" xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform">

    <xsl:template match="states">
        <HTML>
            <HEAD>
                <TITLE>
                    The States
                </TITLE>
            </HEAD>
            <BODY BGCOLOR="BLACK">
                <xsl:apply-templates select="state"/>
            </BODY>
        </HTML>
    </xsl:template>

    <xsl:template match="state">
        <xsl:choose>

               <xsl:when test="name = 'California'">

                   <P>

                       <FONT COLOR="RED">

                           <xsl:value-of select="name"/>

                       </FONT>

                   </P>

               </xsl:when>

               <xsl:when test="name = 'Massachusetts'">

                   <P>

                       <FONT COLOR="WHITE">

                           <xsl:value-of select="name"/>

                       </FONT>

                   </P>

               </xsl:when>

               <xsl:when test="name = 'New York'">

                   <P>

                       <FONT COLOR="BLUE">

                           <xsl:value-of select="name"/>

                       </FONT>

                   </P>

               </xsl:when>

               <xsl:otherwise>

                    <P>

                        <xsl:value-of select="."/>

                    </P>

               </xsl:otherwise>

           </xsl:choose>
    </xsl:template>

</xsl:stylesheet>

Here's what you get when you use this style sheet on the sample XML document:

<HTML>
    <HEAD>
        <META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
        <TITLE>
            The States
        </TITLE>
    </HEAD>

    <BODY BGCOLOR="BLACK">
        <P>
            <FONT COLOR="RED">California</FONT>
        </P>
        <P>
            <FONT COLOR="WHITE">Massachusetts</FONT>
        </P>
        <P>
            <FONT COLOR="BLUE">New York</FONT>
        </P>
    </BODY>
</HTML>

Figure 9.9 shows what this looks like (in black and white, of course). Note that this style sheet makes the background color of the whole page black so that the styling (in particular, the white text) will stand out.

Figure 9.9 Making decisions by using <xsl:choose>.

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