Virtual Bio-Instrumentation: Biomedical, Clinical, and Healthcare Applications in LabVIEW

About

Features

• Design and development for LabVIEW users.

  • Provides students with detailed explanations of example design, implementation processes, and utility for using LabVIEW in the biomedical arena. Ex.___

• Broad-based coverage of Virtual Instrumentation within biomedical arena.

  • Provides students with the only text on the subject that demonstrates the capabilities of Virtual Instrumentation in a wide variety of specialized fields within biomedicine. Ex.___

• Traditional medical instruments and devices, plus alternative technologies.

  • Provides students with comprehensive look at the interfacing of VI with different technologies such at the Internet, machine vision, Active X components and data basing. Ex.___

• Interactive demonstrations.

  • Provides students with specific examples of how VI solutions have been conceived and developed to meet specific end-user requirements. Ex.___

• Real-world applications—Virtual Bio-Instrumentation.

  • Provides students with practical solutions and proven problem-solving techniques from experienced scientists, engineers, clinicians and healthcare administrators. Ex.___

• Methods for measurement, analysis, presentation, and distribution of biomedical and health system information emphasized.

  • Provides students with complex problems and their potential solutions within the biomedical arena. Ex.___

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Description

• Copyright 2002
• Dimensions: K
• Pages: 608
• Edition: 1st

• Book
• ISBN-10: 0-13-065216-4
• ISBN-13: 978-0-13-065216-4

Bringing the power of virtual instrumentation to the biomedical community.

• Applications across diverse medical specialties
• Detailed design guides for LabVIEW and BioBench applications
• Hands-on problem-solving throughout the book
• Laboratory, clinical, and healthcare applications
• Numerous VI's with source code, plus several demos, are available on the book's web site

Virtual instrumentation allows medical researchers and practitioners to combine the traditional diagnostic tools with advanced technologies such as databases, Active X, and the Internet. In both laboratory and clinical environments, users can interact with a wealth of disparate systems, facilitating better, faster, and more informed decision making. Virtual Bio-Instrumentation: Biomedical, Clinical, and Healthcare Applications in LabVIEW is the first book of its kind to apply VI technology to the biomedical field.

• Hands-on problems throughout the book demonstrate immediate practical uses
• Examples cover a variety of medical specialties
• Detailed design instructions give the inside view of LabVIEW and BioBench applications

Both students and practicing professionals will appreciate the practical applications offered for modeling fundamental physiology, advanced systems analysis, medical device development and testing, and even hospital management and clinical engineering scenarios.

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Sample Content

Table of Contents

Preface.

I. PRELIMINARIES.

1. Introduction.

General Goals of VBI Applications. Educational Objectives. Professional Objectives. Previous Knowledge Requirements. Organization of the Book. Book Conventions. What This Book Is. What This Book Is Not. Research and Clinical Applications. Medical Device Development and Test Applications. Healthcare and Informatics Applications. Advanced Applications. Contents of the CD-ROMs.

2. Basic Concepts.

Data Acquisition (DAQ) Basics. LabVIEW(tm) Basics. BioBench(tm) Basics. Independent Solution Articles. Ensemble Averaging of Physiologic Signals: A LabVIEW-based Software Package Assisting the Analysis of Cyclic Data.

II. RESEARCH APPLICATIONS.

3. Biopotentials.

Typical Laboratory Workstation. Lab Layout and Design. Generic Instrumentation/Data Acquisition Issues. Electroneurology. Physiological Basis. Experiment Setup. Dissection. Nerve Chamber Preparation. Generic VI Development. Experiment Descriptions. Troubleshooting the Nerve Recording. Neuromuscular Electrophysiology (Electromyography). Physiological Basis. Experiment Setup. Experiment Descriptions. Troubleshooting the Nerve-Muscle Preparation. Cardiac Electrophysiology (Electrocardiography). Physiological Basis. Experiment Descriptions. Independent Solution Articles. LabVIEW Automates Brain Wave Experiments in the Neurophysiology Lab. Using LabVIEW for Physiological Research.

4. Cardiopulmonary Dynamics.

Typical Laboratory Workstation. Generic Instrumentation/Data Acquisition Issues. Pulmonary Function. Physiological Basis. Experiment Setup. Pulmonary DAQ System Operation. Lung Tissue Viscoelastance. Experiment Setup. Experiment Description. Cardiovascular Hemodynamics. Physiological Basis. Canine Cardiovascular Pressure Measurements. A Cardiovascular Pressure-Dimension Analysis System. System Setup. Data Acquisition and Analysis. Clinical SigniÞcance. Independent Solution Articles. LabVIEW: Our Choice for Cardiothoracic Research. SpiroPro: A Novel Spirometer Software Application for Lung Function Testing.

III. CLINICAL APPLICATIONS.

5. Cardiopulmonary Applications.

The Cardiopulmonary Measurement System (CMS). Background. The System. How the Cardiopulmonary Measurement System Works. Clinical SigniÞcance. Summary. Validation of a LabVIEW-based Vibrotactile. Stimulation System to Treat Apnea of Prematurity. Applications. The VTS System. Study Protocol. Results. Discussion. IntelliVent(tm) Data Logger: A Real-time Research Tool for Data Acquisition, Analysis, and Display of Ventilatory Parameters. Applications. Hardware. Independent Solution Articles. A Virtual Instrument for Critical Care Monitoring of Newborn Patients with Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome Following Norwood Operation Using LabVIEW. Biomedical Patient Monitoring, Data Acquisition, and Playback with LabVIEW.

6. Machine Vision and Motion Control Applications.

Overview. Machine Vision DeÞned. Step 1-Conditioning. Step 2-Acquisition. Step 3-Analysis. Computer Technologies for Machine Vision: Making Machine Vision Easier. Machine Vision Functions. Machine Vision Application Development. Application of Machine Vision Functions. Color Analysis in Machine Vision. Color Pattern Matching. Color Pattern Matching Features. Color Location. Cameras and Interfacing. Interfacing with Digital Cameras. Parallel Digital Cameras. Camera Link Cameras. IEEE-1394 (Firewire) Cameras. Interchangeable Cameras. Future Camera Technologies. Camera Advisor. Motion Systems. Example: Designing a Motion Control Project. A LabVIEW-Based Wound Management System. Purpose of System. Advantages of System. SigniÞcance. Indicated Population. BeneÞts of Wound Management Technology. Independent Solution Articles. IMAQ and LabVIEW Automate the Study of Eye Motion. Endothelial Evaluation of Corneal Transplants by Knowledge-based Digital Image Processing. Counting Particles or Cells Using IMAQ Vision.

IV. MEDICAL DEVICE DEVELOPMENT APPLICATIONS.

7. Medical Device Testing.

The EndoTester(tm)-A Virtual Instrument-Based Quality Control and Technology Assessment System for Surgical Video Systems. Introduction. Materials and Methods. Endoscope Tests. Results. Discussion. FluidSense Innovative IV Pump Testing. Introduction. The Test System. Training Emulator. Summary. Independent Solution Articles. LabVIEW and DAQ Board Accelerate Development of Medical Diagnostic Instruments. Measuring Medical Pump Accuracy with LabVIEW. Reducing Test Time of Implantable Pacemaker Hybrid Circuits with LabVIEW. Hybrid Evaluation and Development Using LabVIEW for Windows. LabVIEW and SCXI Perform Automatic Test on Ventilators.

8. LabVIEW in a Regulated Environment.

Key Characteristics and Terminology. Biomedical Product Testing. LabVIEW Scalability. The Keys to a Successful Validation Program. Development Architecture. Guiding Principles. Testability. Modularity. Software Recycling. Consistent Baseline and Directory Structure. The Development Process. Project Management. ConÞguration Management. Coding Standards. Automation Tools. Code Analysis (Static Tests). Software Metrics. Metrics Visualization with LabVIEW. Applying Metrics Visualization. Inspecting Documentation Completeness. Requirements Traceability. VeriÞcation and Validation Test. Unit Testing. Automating Unit Testing with OverVIEW. Simulation. Full Project Testing and Regression Testing. Documenting the Project. Theory of Operation. Generating Validation Reports. Project Release Report. VeriÞcation after Release-Controlling and Maintaining the Software. Summary. Independent Solution Articles. Operating a Commercial Medical Device with CertiÞed, LabVIEW(tm)-Based Software.

V. HEALTHCARE INFORMATION MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS.

9. Medical Informatics.

DeÞning Medical Informatics. Computers in Medicine. Electronic Medical Record. Computerized Physician Order Entry. Decision Support. Information Retrieval. Medical Imaging. Patient Monitoring. Medical Education. Medical Simulation. Managing Disparate Information. ActiveX. ActiveX Data Objects (ADO). Dynamic Link Libraries. Database Connectivity. Integrated Dashboards. Independent Solution Articles. EWICUM: An Early Warning Intensive Care Unit Monitoring System.

10. Executive Dashboards.

Overview. The Need for Real-time Performance Measurement. Data Management. Metrics That Matter-Performance Indicators in Healthcare. Why Measure? Driving the Need to Measure Quality. Data. Balanced Scorecards. Barriers. PIVIT(tm)-Performance Indicator Virtual Instrument Toolkit. Trending, Relationships, and Interactive Alarms. Medical Equipment Risk Criteria. Peer Performance Reviews. Executive Information Dashboard. The Bed Management/Census Control Dashboard. Overview. Hospital Summary. How the Bed Management Dashboard Works. Patient ConÞdentiality. Summary. Independent Solution Articles. The Physician/Network Assessment Tool: A Business Intelligence and Data Mining Tool for Healthcare Insurance Claims. The Examinator: A LabVIEW-based Exam Maker, Taker, and Grader.

VI. ADVANCED TOPICS.

11. Mathematical Modeling/Simulation of Physiologic Systems.

Cardiovascular System Modeling and Simulation. Theoretical Basis. Model Development. Heart Model. Circulatory Model. Experimental Measurements. Computational Aspects. Parameter Estimation and Sensitivity Analysis. CardioPV Program Development. Pulmonary Mechanics Modeling and Simulation. Theoretical Basis. Model Development. Experimental Measurements. Lung Tissue Model Parameter IdentiÞcation. PulmPV VI Development. PulmPV Parameter IdentiÞcation. Integrated Cardiopulmonary Dynamics Modeling and Simulation. Background. Human Cardiovascular Model Development. Computational Aspects. CardioPulm VI Development.

12. Virtual Bio-Instrumentation, LabVIEW(tm), and the Internet.

Access to Biomedical Virtual Instruments Anywhere. Why Use Networked Virtual Bio-Instrumentation? Classifying an Internet-enabled Virtual Bio-Instrumentation System. Internet Technologies and Virtual Instrumentation. How Does Information Get Transferred from the Server to the Client? Choosing a Technical Solution with LabVIEW. TCP/IP. UDP. The VI Server: Remotely Manipulating Vis. DataSocket. The LabVIEW Web Server. Controlling VIs Over the Web. CGI and HTML Forms. Java Applets. ActiveX Controls. XML. The Wireless Web: WAP and WML. Designing VBI for Remote Network Access. Web versus VI Clients. DataSocket versus VI Server. Enterprise Connectivity: The Big Picture.

13. Future Potential.

Independent Solution Article. Telerobotic Camera System for Operating Rooms.

Appendix.
Typical Math Model Parameter Values.
Index.
About the Authors.

Preface

Preface

Graphical Programming and Virtual Instrumentation: Applying Revolutionary Techniques to Advance the Healthcare Industry

Over the last decade, the graphical programming revolution has empowered engineers to develop customized systems the same way the spreadsheet has empowered business managers to analyze financial data. This software technology has resulted in another type of revolution—the virtual instrumentation revolution, which is rapidly changing the instrumentation industry by driving down costs without sacrificing quality.

Virtual instrumentation can be defined as

A layer of software and/or hardware added to a general-purpose computer in such a fashion that users can interact with the computer as though it were their own custom-designed traditional electronic instrument.

The major benefits of virtual instrumentation include increased performance and reduced costs. Because the user controls the technology through software, the flexibility of virtual instrumentation is unmatched by traditional instrumentation. The modular, hierarchical programming environment of virtual instrumentation is inherently reusable and reconfigurable.

Virtual instrumentation applications have encompassed nearly every industry, including the telecommunications, automotive, semiconductor, and biomedical industries. In the fields of healthcare and biomedical engineering, virtual instrumentation has empowered developers and end-users to conceive of, develop, and implement a wide variety of research-based biomedical applications and executive information tools. These applications fall into several categories, including clinical research, equipment testing and quality assurance, data management, and performance improvement.

This book opens the boundless potential of virtual instrumentation (VI) into the wide variety of disciplines that exist within the biomedical domain. The power of virtual bio-instrumentation (VBI) is demonstrated not only through the interfacing of VI with traditional medical instruments and devices but also by effectively leveraging other technologies, including the Internet, machine vision, ActiveX components, and integrated database applications. We use specific examples within this book to highlight VBI applications in the laboratory and clinical environment, connectivity to patient information systems, computerized maintenance and management systems (CMMS), and business intelligence and decision support applications. Each VBI application consists of detailed descriptions and, in many cases, interactive demonstrations of how virtual instrument solutions have been conceived and developed to meet specific end-user requirements within the biomedical and healthcare arena. Collectively, these applications support better, faster, and data-driven decisions, thereby enhancing clinical outcomes and reducing costs to the participating healthcare institutions.

As practicing biomedical engineers and virtual instrumentation "evangelists," we wrote this book to inform and, hopefully, inspire you about the ever-expanding capabilities of virtual instrumentation systems within the biomedical and healthcare fields. Many traditional books on bio-instrumentation concentrate on theoretical principles--this book focuses entirely on real-world applications. We refer to these applications as virtual bio-instrumentation, or VBI. Throughout each section and chapter, you'll discover many practical biomedical applications that have been created with LabVIEW. Each example will provide detailed explanations of its design, implementation processes, and utility. We particularly emphasize methods for measurement, analysis, presentation, and distribution of biomedical and health system information. Throughout this book, we have striven to identify common challenges associated with the measurement, analysis, and presentation of information; and we provide you with practical solutions and proven problem-solving techniques from experienced scientists, engineers, clinicians, and healthcare administrators.

Regardless of your application or your experience with LabVIEW, it is our sincere wish that, through this book and the virtual instrument (VI) examples contained on the accompanying CD-ROMs, you will gain insight and appreciation for the many ways in which virtual instrumentation can be applied to the biomedical and healthcare industry.

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