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Security Program and Policies: Principles and Practices, 2nd Edition

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Security Program and Policies: Principles and Practices, 2nd Edition

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Description

  • Copyright 2014
  • Dimensions: 7" x 9-1/8"
  • Edition: 2nd
  • eBook
  • ISBN-10: 0-13-348119-0
  • ISBN-13: 978-0-13-348119-8

Everything you need to know about information security programs and policies, in one book

  • Clearly explains all facets of InfoSec program and policy planning, development, deployment, and management
  • Thoroughly updated for today’s challenges, laws, regulations, and best practices
  • The perfect resource for anyone pursuing an information security management career

In today’s dangerous world, failures in information security can be catastrophic. Organizations must protect themselves. Protection begins with comprehensive, realistic policies. This up-to-date guide will help you create, deploy, and manage them.

Complete and easy to understand, it explains key concepts and techniques through real-life examples. You’ll master modern information security regulations and frameworks, and learn specific best-practice policies for key industry sectors, including finance, healthcare, online commerce, and small business.

If you understand basic information security, you’re ready to succeed with this book. You’ll find projects, questions, exercises, examples, links to valuable easy-to-adapt information security policies...everything you need to implement a successful information security program.

Sari Stern Greene, CISSP, CRISC, CISM, NSA/IAM, is an information security practitioner, author, and entrepreneur. She is passionate about the importance of protecting information and critical infrastructure. Sari founded Sage Data Security in 2002 and has amassed thousands of hours in the field working with a spectrum of technical, operational, and management personnel, as  well as boards of directors, regulators, and service providers. Her first text was Tools and Techniques for Securing Microsoft Networks, commissioned by Microsoft to train its partner channel, which was soon followed by the first edition of Security Policies and Procedures: Principles and Practices. She is actively involved in the security community, and speaks regularly at security conferences and workshops. She has been quoted in The New York Times, Wall Street Journal, and on CNN, and CNBC. Since 2010, Sari has served as the chair of the annual Cybercrime Symposium.

Learn how to

·         Establish program objectives, elements, domains, and governance

·         Understand policies, standards, procedures, guidelines, and plans—and the differences among them

·         Write policies in “plain language,” with the right level of detail

·         Apply the Confidentiality, Integrity & Availability (CIA) security model

·         Use NIST resources and ISO/IEC 27000-series standards

·         Align security with business strategy

·         Define, inventory, and classify your information and systems

·         Systematically identify, prioritize, and manage InfoSec risks

·         Reduce “people-related” risks with role-based Security Education, Awareness, and Training (SETA)

·         Implement effective physical, environmental, communications, and operational security

·         Effectively manage access control

·         Secure the entire system development lifecycle

·         Respond to incidents and ensure continuity of operations

·         Comply with laws and regulations, including GLBA, HIPAA/HITECH, FISMA, state data security and notification rules, and PCI DSS

Sample Content

Table of Contents

Chapter 1: Understanding Policy 2

Looking at Policy Through the Ages....................................................................3

    The Bible as Ancient Policy ........................................................................4

    The United States Constitution as a Policy Revolution ..............................5

    Policy Today ...............................................................................................5

Information Security Policy ..................................................................................7

    Successful Policy Characteristics ...............................................................8

    The Role of Government ...........................................................................13

Information Security Policy Lifecycle ................................................................16

    Policy Development ..................................................................................17

    Policy Publication .....................................................................................18

    Policy Adoption .........................................................................................19

    Policy Review ............................................................................................20

Test Your Skills ..................................................................................................22

Chapter 2: Policy Elements and Style 32

Policy Hierarchy .................................................................................................32

    Standards..................................................................................................33

    Baselines ...................................................................................................34

    Guidelines .................................................................................................34

    Procedures ................................................................................................35

    Plans and Programs..................................................................................36

Policy Format .....................................................................................................36

    Policy Audience ........................................................................................36

    Policy Format Types .................................................................................37

    Policy Components ...................................................................................38

Writing Style and Technique ..............................................................................48

    Using Plain Language ...............................................................................48

    The Plain Language Movement ................................................................49

    Plain Language Techniques for Policy Writing .........................................50

Test Your Skills ..................................................................................................54

Chapter 3: Information Security Framework 64

CIA .....................................................................................................................65

    What Is Confidentiality? ............................................................................66

    What Is Integrity? ......................................................................................68

    What Is Availability? ..................................................................................69

    Who Is Responsible for CIA? ....................................................................72

Information Security Framework .......................................................................72

    What Is NIST’s Function? .........................................................................72

    What Does the ISO Do? ............................................................................74

    Can the ISO Standards and NIST Publications Be Used to Build a Framework? ......75

Test Your Skills ..................................................................................................82

Chapter 4: Governance and Risk Management 92

Understanding Information Security Policies ....................................................93

    What Is Meant by Strategic Alignment? ...................................................94

    Regulatory Requirements .........................................................................94

    User Versions of Information Security Policies .........................................94

    Vendor Versions of Information Security Policies .....................................95

    Client Synopsis of Information Security Policies ......................................95

    Who Authorizes Information Security Policy? ...........................................96

    Revising Information Security Policies: Change Drivers ...........................97

    Evaluating Information Security Polices ...................................................97

Information Security Governance ....................................................................100

    What Is a Distributed Governance Model? .............................................101

    Regulatory Requirements .......................................................................104

Information Security Risk ................................................................................105

    Is Risk Bad? ............................................................................................105

    Risk Appetite and Tolerance ...................................................................106

    What Is a Risk Assessment? ...................................................................106

    Risk Assessment Methodologies ............................................................108

    What Is Risk Management? ....................................................................109

Test Your Skills ................................................................................................113

Chapter 5: Asset Management 124

Information Assets and Systems .....................................................................125

    Who Is Responsible for Information Assets? ..........................................126

Information Classification ................................................................................128

    How Does the Federal Government Classify Data? ...............................129

    Why Is National Security Information Classified Differently? ..................131

    Who Decides How National Security Data Is Classified? .......................133

    How Does the Private Sector Classify Data?..........................................134

    Can Information Be Reclassified or Even Declassified? .........................135

Labeling and Handling Standards ...................................................................136

    Why Label? .............................................................................................136

    Why Handling Standards? ......................................................................136

Information Systems Inventory ........................................................................139

    What Should Be Inventoried? .................................................................139

Test Your Skills ................................................................................................145

Chapter 6: Human Resources Security 156

The Employee Lifecycle ...................................................................................157

    What Does Recruitment Have to Do with Security? ...............................158

    What Happens in the Onboarding Phase? .............................................165

    What Is User Provisioning? .....................................................................166

    What Should an Employee Learn During Orientation? ...........................167

    Why Is Termination Considered the Most Dangerous Phase? ...............168

The Importance of Employee Agreements ......................................................170

    What Are Confidentiality or Non-disclosure Agreements? .....................170

    What Is an Acceptable Use Agreement? ................................................170

The Importance of Security Education and Training .......................................172

    What Is the SETA Model? .......................................................................173

Test Your Skills ................................................................................................177

Chapter 7: Physical and Environmental Security 188

Understanding the Secure Facility Layered Defense Model .....................190

    How Do We Secure the Site? .................................................................190

    How Is Physical Access Controlled? ......................................................192

Protecting Equipment ......................................................................................196

    No Power, No Processing? .....................................................................196

    How Dangerous Is Fire? .........................................................................198

    What About Disposal? ............................................................................200

    Stop, Thief! ..............................................................................................203

Test Your Skills ................................................................................................207

Chapter 8: Communications and Operations Security 218

Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) .........................................................219

    Why Document SOPs? ...........................................................................220

    Developing SOPs ....................................................................................220

Operational Change Control ............................................................................225

    Why Manage Change? ...........................................................................225

    Why Is Patching Handled Differently? ....................................................228

Malware Protection..........................................................................................230

    Are There Different Types of Malware? ..................................................231

    How Is Malware Controlled? ...................................................................233

    What Is Antivirus Software? ....................................................................234

Data Replication ..............................................................................................235

    Is There a Recommended Backup or Replication Strategy? ..................235

Secure Messaging ...........................................................................................237

    What Makes Email a Security Risk? .......................................................237

    Are Email Servers at Risk? ......................................................................240

Activity Monitoring and Log Analysis ..............................................................242

    What Is Log Management? .....................................................................242

Service Provider Oversight ..............................................................................245

    What Is Due Diligence? ...........................................................................245

    What Should Be Included in Service Provider Contracts? .....................247

Test Your Skills ................................................................................................252

Chapter 9: Access Control Management 264

Access Control Fundamentals ........................................................................265

    What Is a Security Posture? ...................................................................266

    How Is Identity Verified? .........................................................................266

    What Is Authorization? ............................................................................270

Infrastructure Access Controls ........................................................................272

    Why Segment a Network? ......................................................................272

    What Is Layered Border Security? ..........................................................273

    Remote Access Security .........................................................................277

User Access Controls ......................................................................................282

    Why Manage User Access? ....................................................................282

    What Types of Access Should Be Monitored? .......................................284

Test Your Skills ................................................................................................289

Chapter 10: Information Systems Acquisition, Development, and Maintenance 300

System Security Requirements .......................................................................301

Secure Code ....................................................................................................306

Cryptography ...................................................................................................310

Test Your Skills ................................................................................................318

Chapter 11: Information Security Incident Management 328

Organizational Incident Response ...................................................................329

    What Is an Incident? ...............................................................................330

    How Are Incidents Reported? .................................................................334

    What Is an Incident Response Program? ...............................................335

    What Happened? Investigation and Evidence Handling ........................340

Data Breach Notification Requirements ..........................................................345

    Is There a Federal Breach Notification Law? ..........................................347

    Does Notification Work? .........................................................................351

Test Your Skills ................................................................................................355

Chapter 12: Business Continuity Management 370

Emergency Preparedness ...............................................................................371

    What Is a Resilient Organization? ...........................................................372

Business Continuity Risk Management ...........................................................374

    What Is a Business Continuity Threat Assessment? ..............................375

    What Is a Business Continuity Risk Assessment? ..................................376

    What Is a Business Impact Assessment? ...............................................378

The Business Continuity Plan ..........................................................................380

    Roles and Responsibilities ......................................................................381

    Disaster Response Plans ........................................................................384

    Operational Contingency Plans ..............................................................387

    The Disaster Recovery Phase .................................................................388

    The Resumption Phase ...........................................................................391

Plan Testing and Maintenance ........................................................................392

    Why Is Testing Important? ......................................................................392

    Plan Maintenance ...................................................................................393

Test Your Skills ................................................................................................397

Chapter 13: Regulatory Compliance for Financial Institutions 408

The Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act (GLBA) ..............................................................409

    What Is a Financial Institution? ...............................................................410

    What Are the Interagency Guidelines? ...................................................412

    What Is a Regulatory Examination? ........................................................423

Personal and Corporate Identity Theft ............................................................424

    What Is Required by the Interagency Guidelines Supplement A? ..........425

    What Is Required by the Supplement to the Authentication in an Internet Banking Environment Guidance? ...427

Test Your Skills ................................................................................................431

Chapter 14: Regulatory Compliance for the Healthcare Sector 442

The HIPAA Security Rule .................................................................................444

    What Is the Objective of the HIPAA Security Rule? ................................444

    Enforcement and Compliance ................................................................445

    How Is the HIPAA Security Rule Organized? ..........................................445

    What Are the Physical Safeguards? .......................................................455

    What Are the Technical Safeguards? .....................................................458

    What Are the Organizational Requirements? ..........................................461

    What Are the Policies and Procedures Standards? ................................463

The HITECH Act and the Omnibus Rule..........................................................464

    What Changed for Business Associates? ...............................................465

    What Are the Breach Notification Requirements? ..................................468

Test Your Skills ................................................................................................471

Chapter 15: PCI Compliance for Merchants 482

Protecting Cardholder Data .............................................................................483

    What Is the PCI DDS Framework? ..........................................................486

    Business-as-Usual Approach .................................................................487

    What Are the PCI Requirements? ...........................................................487

PCI Compliance ...............................................................................................499

    Who Is Required to Comply with PCI DSS? ...........................................499

    What Is a Data Security Compliance Assessment? ................................500

    What Is the SAQ?....................................................................................502

    Are There Penalties for Noncompliance? ...............................................503

Test Your Skills ................................................................................................505

Appendix A: Information Security Program Resources 516

National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Special Publications ..........516

Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council (FFIEC) IT Handbooks .....518

Department of Health and Human Services HIPAA Security Series ...............518

Payment Security Standards Council Documents Library ..............................518

Information Security Professional Development and Certification Organizations ......519

Appendix B: Sample Information Security Policy 520

Appendix C: Sample Information Systems Acceptable Use Agreement and Policy 568

Index

 

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