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In just 21 days, you can acquire the knowledge and skills necessary to develop applications on your computer, web servers, and mobile devices. With this complete tutorial you’ll quickly master the basics and then move on to more advanced features and concepts. Completely updated for Java 11 and 12, this book teaches you about the Java language and how to use it to create applications for any computing environment. By the time you have finished the book, you’ll have well-rounded knowledge of Java and the Java class libraries.
No previous programming experience required. By following the 21 carefully organized lessons in this book, anyone can learn the basics of Java programming.
Learn at your own pace. You can work through each chapter sequentially to make sure you thoroughly understand all the concepts and methodologies, or you can focus on specific lessons to learn the techniques that interest you most.
Test your knowledge. Each chapter ends with a Workshop section filled with questions, answers, and exercises for further study. There are even certification practice questions.
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
How This Book Is Organized ....................................................................................................2
Who Should Read This Book ...................................................................................................4
Conventions Used in This Book ...............................................................................................5
PART I The Java Language . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7
LESSON 1: Getting Started with Java 9
The Java Language ..................................................................................................................10
Object-Oriented Programming ................................................................................................13
Objects and Classes .................................................................................................................14
Attributes and Behavior ..........................................................................................................16
Organizing Classes and Class Behavior ..................................................................................25
Summary .................................................................................................................................32
Q&A ........................................................................................................................................33
Quiz .........................................................................................................................................34
Certification Practice ...............................................................................................................35
Exercises ..................................................................................................................................35
LESSON 2: The ABCs of Programming 37
Statements and Expressions ....................................................................................................38
Variables and Data Types ........................................................................................................38
Comments................................................................................................................................46
Literals .....................................................................................................................................47
String Literals ...............................................................................................................50
Expressions and Operators ......................................................................................................51
String Arithmetic .....................................................................................................................60
Summary .................................................................................................................................62
Q&A ........................................................................................................................................62
Quiz .........................................................................................................................................63
Certification Practice ...............................................................................................................64
Exercises ..................................................................................................................................65
LESSON 3: Working with Objects 67
Creating New Objects .............................................................................................................68
Using Class and Instance Variables ........................................................................................72
Calling Methods ......................................................................................................................75
Class Methods ..............................................................................................................79
References to Objects ..............................................................................................................80
Casting Objects and Primitive Types ......................................................................................82
Converting Primitive Types to Objects and Vice Versa ................................................85
Comparing Object Values and Classes ....................................................................................87
Summary .................................................................................................................................89
Q&A ........................................................................................................................................90
Quiz .........................................................................................................................................91
Certification Practice ...............................................................................................................91
Exercises ..................................................................................................................................92
LESSON 4: Lists, Logic, and Loops 93
Arrays ......................................................................................................................................94
Block Statements ...................................................................................................................101
if Conditionals .....................................................................................................................102
Switch Conditionals ..............................................................................................................103
The Ternary Operator ............................................................................................................110
for Loops ..............................................................................................................................111
while and do Loops ..............................................................................................................114
xii Sams Teach Yourself Java in 21 Days
Breaking Out of Loops ..........................................................................................................117
Summary ...............................................................................................................................119
Q&A ......................................................................................................................................119
Quiz .......................................................................................................................................120
Certification Practice .............................................................................................................121
Exercises ................................................................................................................................122
LESSON 5: Creating Classes and Methods 123
Defining Classes ....................................................................................................................124
Creating Instance and Class Variables ..................................................................................124
Creating Methods ..................................................................................................................126
Creating Java Applications ....................................................................................................133
Java Applications and Arguments .........................................................................................134
Creating Methods with the Same Name ...............................................................................137
Constructors ..........................................................................................................................142
Overriding Methods ..............................................................................................................146
Summary ...............................................................................................................................150
Q&A ......................................................................................................................................151
Quiz .......................................................................................................................................152
Certification Practice .............................................................................................................153
Exercises ................................................................................................................................154
LESSON 6: Packages, Interfaces, and Other Class Features 155
Modifiers ...............................................................................................................................156
Static Variables and Methods ................................................................................................162
Final Classes, Methods, and Variables ..................................................................................165
Abstract Classes and Methods ..............................................................................................167
Packages ................................................................................................................................167
Creating Your Own Packages ................................................................................................171
Interfaces ...............................................................................................................................174
Creating and Extending Interfaces ........................................................................................177
Summary ...............................................................................................................................185
Q&A ......................................................................................................................................186
Quiz .......................................................................................................................................186
Certification Practice .............................................................................................................187
Exercises ................................................................................................................................188
LESSON 7: Exceptions and Threads 189
Exceptions .............................................................................................................................190
Managing Exceptions ............................................................................................................193
Declaring Methods That Might Throw Exceptions ..............................................................200
Creating and Throwing Exceptions .......................................................................................205
When Not to Use Exceptions ................................................................................................208
Threads ..................................................................................................................................209
Summary ...............................................................................................................................216
Q&A ......................................................................................................................................217
Quiz .......................................................................................................................................217
Certification Practice .............................................................................................................218
Exercises ................................................................................................................................219
PART II: The Java Class Library . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .221
LESSON 8: Data Structures 223
Moving Beyond Arrays .........................................................................................................224
Java Structures .......................................................................................................................224
Generics .................................................................................................................................244
Enumerations .........................................................................................................................247
Summary ...............................................................................................................................249
Q&A ......................................................................................................................................249
Quiz .......................................................................................................................................250
Certification Practice .............................................................................................................251
Exercises ................................................................................................................................252
LESSON 9: Creating a Graphical User Interface 253
Creating an Application ........................................................................................................254
Working with Components ...................................................................................................261
Lists .......................................................................................................................................274
The Java Class Library ..........................................................................................................276
Summary ...............................................................................................................................278
Q&A ......................................................................................................................................279
Quiz .......................................................................................................................................279
Certification Practice .............................................................................................................280
Exercises ................................................................................................................................281
LESSON 10: Building an Interface 283
Swing Features ......................................................................................................................284
Summary ...............................................................................................................................304
Q&A ......................................................................................................................................304
Quiz .......................................................................................................................................305
Certification Practice .............................................................................................................306
Exercises ................................................................................................................................307
LESSON 11: Arranging Components on a User Interface 309
Basic Interface Layout ..........................................................................................................310
Mixing Layout Managers ......................................................................................................320
Card Layout ...........................................................................................................................321
Summary ...............................................................................................................................329
Q&A ......................................................................................................................................330
Quiz .......................................................................................................................................331
Certification Practice .............................................................................................................331
Exercises ................................................................................................................................332
LESSON 12: Responding to User Input 333
Event Listeners ......................................................................................................................334
Working with Methods ..........................................................................................................339
Using Inner Classes ....................................................................................................353
Summary ...............................................................................................................................355
Q&A ......................................................................................................................................355
Quiz .......................................................................................................................................356
Certification Practice .............................................................................................................357
Exercises ................................................................................................................................358
LESSON 13: Creating Java2D Graphics 359
The Graphics2D Class ..........................................................................................................360
Drawing Text .........................................................................................................................362
Color ......................................................................................................................................366
Drawing Lines and Polygons ................................................................................................369
Summary ...............................................................................................................................378
Q&A ......................................................................................................................................379
Quiz .......................................................................................................................................379
Certification Practice .............................................................................................................380
Exercises ................................................................................................................................381
LESSON 14: Developing Swing Applications 383
Improving Performance with SwingWorker .........................................................................384
Grid Bag Layout ....................................................................................................................389
Summary ...............................................................................................................................398
Q&A ......................................................................................................................................398
Quiz .......................................................................................................................................398
Certification Practice .............................................................................................................399
Exercises ................................................................................................................................400
PART III: Java Programming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .401
LESSON 15: Using Inner Classes and Lambda Expressions 403
Inner Classes .........................................................................................................................404
Lambda Expressions .............................................................................................................413
Variable Type Inference ........................................................................................................418
Summary ...............................................................................................................................419
Q&A ......................................................................................................................................420
Quiz .......................................................................................................................................420
Certification Practice .............................................................................................................421
Exercises ................................................................................................................................422
LESSON 16: Working with Input and Output 423
Introduction to Streams .........................................................................................................424
Byte Streams .........................................................................................................................426
Filtering a Stream ..................................................................................................................431
Character Streams .................................................................................................................440
Files and Paths.......................................................................................................................445
Summary ...............................................................................................................................447
Q&A ......................................................................................................................................448
Quiz .......................................................................................................................................448
Certification Practice .............................................................................................................449
Exercises ................................................................................................................................450
LESSON 17: Communicating Over HTTP 451
Networking in Java ................................................................................................................452
The java.nio Package .........................................................................................................465
Summary ...............................................................................................................................480
Q&A ......................................................................................................................................480
Quiz .......................................................................................................................................481
Certification Practice .............................................................................................................482
Exercises ................................................................................................................................482
LESSON 18: Accessing Databases with JDBC and Derby 483
Java Database Connectivity...................................................................................................484
Summary ...............................................................................................................................501
Q&A ......................................................................................................................................502
Quiz .......................................................................................................................................502
Certification Practice .............................................................................................................503
Exercises ................................................................................................................................503
LESSON 19: Reading and Writing RSS Feeds 505
Using XML ...........................................................................................................................506
Designing an XML Dialect ...................................................................................................508
Processing XML with Java ...................................................................................................510
Processing XML with XOM .................................................................................................510
Summary ...............................................................................................................................525
Q&A ......................................................................................................................................525
Quiz .......................................................................................................................................526
Certification Practice .............................................................................................................527
Exercises ................................................................................................................................528
LESSON 20: Making Web Service Requests 529
Introduction to XML-RPC ....................................................................................................530
Communicating with XML-RPC ..........................................................................................531
Choosing an XML-RPC Implementation .............................................................................534
Using an XML-RPC Web Service ........................................................................................536
Creating an XML-RPC Web Service ....................................................................................539
Summary ...............................................................................................................................545
Q&A ......................................................................................................................................545
Quiz .......................................................................................................................................546
Certification Practice .............................................................................................................546
Exercises ................................................................................................................................547
LESSON 21: Writing a Game with Java 549
Playing a Game .....................................................................................................................550
Summary ...............................................................................................................................572
Q&A ......................................................................................................................................572
Quiz .......................................................................................................................................573
Certification Practice .............................................................................................................574
Exercises ................................................................................................................................575
APPENDIXES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 597
APPENDIX A: Using the NetBeans Integrated Development Environment . . . . . . 599
APPENDIX B: Fixing Package Not Visible Errors in NetBeans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 609
APPENDIX C: This Book’s Website. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 613
APPENDIX D: Using the Java Development Kit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 615
APPENDIX E: Programming with the Java Development Kit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 631
9780672337956, TOC, 11/18/2019