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IPv6 for Enterprise Networks
- By Shannon McFarland, Muninder Sambi, Nikhil Sharma, Sanjay Hooda
- Published Mar 15, 2011 by Cisco Press. Part of the Networking Technology series.
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Description
- Copyright 2011
- Edition: 1st
- eBook
- ISBN-10: 1-58714-232-5
- ISBN-13: 978-1-58714-232-1
IPv6 for Enterprise Networks
The practical guide to deploying IPv6 in campus,
WAN/branch, data center, and virtualized environments
Shannon McFarland, CCIE® No. 5245
Muninder Sambi, CCIE No. 13915
Nikhil Sharma, CCIE No. 21273
Sanjay Hooda, CCIE No. 11737
IPv6 for Enterprise Networks brings together all the information you need to successfully deploy IPv6 in any campus, WAN/branch, data center, or virtualized environment. Four leading Cisco IPv6 experts present a practical approach to organizing and executing your large-scale IPv6 implementation. They show how IPv6 affects existing network designs, describe common IPv4/IPv6 coexistence mechanisms, guide you in planning, and present validated configuration examples for building labs, pilots, and production networks.
The authors first review some of the drivers behind the acceleration of IPv6 deployment in the enterprise. Next, they introduce powerful new IPv6 services for routing, QoS, multicast, and management, comparing them with familiar IPv4 features and behavior. Finally, they translate IPv6 concepts into usable configurations. Up-to-date and practical, IPv6 for Enterprise Networks is an indispensable resource for every network engineer, architect, manager, and consultant who must evaluate, plan, migrate to, or manage IPv6 networks.
Shannon McFarland, CCIE No. 5245, is a Corporate Consulting Engineer for Cisco serving as a technical consultant for enterprise IPv6 deployment and data center design with a focus on application deployment and virtual desktop infrastructure. For more than 16 years, he has worked on large-scale enterprise campus, WAN/branch, and data center network design and optimization. For more than a decade, he has spoken at IPv6 events worldwide, including Cisco Live.
Muninder Sambi, CCIE No. 13915, is a Product Line Manager for Cisco Catalyst 4500/4900 series platform, is a core member of the Cisco IPv6 development council, and a key participant in IETF’s IPv6 areas of focus.
Nikhil Sharma, CCIE No. 21273, is a Technical Marketing Engineer at Cisco Systems where he is responsible for defining new features for both hardware and software for the Catalyst 4500 product line.
Sanjay Hooda, CCIE No. 11737, a Technical Leader at Cisco, works with embedded systems, and helps to define new product architectures. His current areas of focus include high availability and messaging in large-scale distributed switching systems.
n Identify how IPv6 affects enterprises
n Understand IPv6 services and the IPv6 features that make them possible
n Review the most common tranisition mechanisms including dual-stack (IPv4/IPv6) networks, IPv6 over IPv4 tunnels, and IPv6 over MPLS
n Create IPv6 network designs that reflect proven principles of modularity, hierarchy, and resiliency
n Select the best implementation options for your organization
n Build IPv6 lab environments
n Configure IPv6 step-by-step in campus, WAN/branch, and data center networks
n Integrate production-quality IPv6 services into IPv4 networks
n Implement virtualized IPv6 networks
n Deploy IPv6 for remote access
n Manage IPv6 networks efficiently and cost-effectively
This book is part of the Networking Technology Series from Cisco Press®, which offers networking professionals valuable information for constructing efficient networks, understanding new technologies, and building successful careers.
Sample Content
Table of Contents
Introduction xix
Chapter 1 Market Drivers for IPv6 Adoption 1
IPv4 Address Exhaustion and the Workaround Options 2
IPv6 Market Drivers 3
IPv4 Address Considerations 4
Government IT Strategy 5
Infrastructure Evolution 5
Operating System Support 6
Summary of Benefits of IPv6 6
Commonly Asked Questions About IPv6 6
Does My Enterprise Need IPv6 for Business Growth? 6
Will IPv6 Completely Replace IPv4? 9
Is IPv6 More Complicated and Difficult to Manage and Deploy Compared
to IPv4? 9
Does IPv6 continue to allow my enterprise network to be multihomed to
several service providers? 10
Is quality of service better with IPv6? 10
Is IPv6 automatically more secure than IPv4? 10
Does the lack of NAT support in IPv6 reduce security? 10
IPv6 in the IETF 11
Enterprise IPv6 Deployment Status 12
Summary 15
Additional References 15
Chapter 2 Hierarchical Network Design 17
Network Design Principles 18
Modularity 19
Hierarchy 21
Resiliency 24
Enterprise Core Network Design 24
Enterprise Campus Network Design 25
Distribution Layer 25
Layer 2 Access Design 25
Routed Access Design 27
Virtual Switching System Distribution Block 28
Comparing Distribution Block Designs 28
Access Layer 29
Enterprise Network Services Design 29
Enterprise Data Center Network Design 31
Aggregation Layer 31
Access Layer 32
Data Center Storage Network Design 33
Collapsed Core Topology 35
Core Edge Topology 35
Enterprise Edge Network Design 37
Headquarters Enterprise Edge Network Components 38
Headquarters Enterprise Edge Network Design 39
Branch Network Architecture 39
Branch Edge Router Functionality 41
Typical Branch Network Design 42
Summary 43
Additional References 43
Chapter 3 Common IPv6 Coexistence Mechanisms 45
Native IPv6 47
Transition Mechanisms 48
Dual-Stack 48
IPv6-over-IPv4 Tunnels 49
Manually Configured Tunnel 51
IPv6-over-IPv4 GRE Tunnel 53
Tunnel Broker 54
6to4 Tunnel 55
Intra-Site Automatic Tunnel Addressing Protocol (ISATAP) 57
IPv6 over MPLS 58
IPv6 over Circuit Transport over MPLS 58
IPv6 Using IPv4 Tunnels on Customer Edge (CE) Routers 60
IPv6 MPLS with IPv4-Based Core (6PE/6VPE) 60
Protocol Translation/Proxy Mechanisms 62
NAT-PT 63
NAT64 64
Summary 64
Additional References 65
Chapter 4 Network Services 67
Multicast 67
IPv6 Multicast Addressing 69
Multicast Listener Discovery (MLD) for IPv6 71
Multicast Routing: Protocol Independent Multicast (PIM) 72
PIM Sparse Mode (PIM-SM) 73
PIM Source Specific Multicast (PIM-SSM) 74
Bidirectional PIM (PIM-Bidir) 76
Quality of Service (QoS) 76
Differences Between IPv6 and IPv4 QoS 76
IPv6 Extension Headers 78
IPv4 and IPv6 Coexistence 79
IPv6 Routing 80
OSPFv3 80
EIGRPv6 83
IS-IS 85
Single Topology 86
Multitopology 86
Configuring IS-ISv6 86
BGP 87
Multiprotocol BGP for IPv6 88
Summary 89
Additional References 89
Chapter 5 Planning an IPv6 Deployment 91
Determining Where to Begin 91
Benefit Analysis 92
Cost Analysis 93
Risks 94
Business Case 94
Transition Team 95
Training 96
Planning a Pilot 96
Assessment 96
Design 97
IPv6 Addressing Plan 97
Transition Mechanisms 98
Network Services 98
Security 98
New Features in IPv6 99
Scalability and Reliability 99
Service Level Agreements 99
Lessons Learned and Implementation 99
Client/Server IPv6 Migration Scenarios 100
IPv6 Core Deployment: “Start at the Core” 101
Localized IPv6 Server-Side Deployment 102
Client-Side Deployment 102
Client/Server Deployment: Dual-Stack Configuration 103
Planning Address Allocation 104
Summary 104
Additional References 105
Chapter 6 Deploying IPv6 in Campus Networks 107
Campus Deployment Models Overview 107
Dual-Stack Model 108
Benefits and Drawbacks of the DSM 108
DSM Topology 109
DSM-Tested Components 109
Hybrid Model 109
Benefits and Drawbacks of the HM 114
HM Topology 115
HM-Tested Components 115
Service Block Model 115
Benefits and Drawbacks of the SBM 116
SBM Topology 117
SBM-Tested Components 119
General Campus IPv6 Deployment Considerations 119
Addressing 119
Physical Connectivity 120
VLANs 121
Routing 121
High Availability 122
QoS 123
Security 125
Making Reconnaissance More Difficult Through Complex Address
Assignment 126
Controlling Management Access to the Campus Switches 126
IPv6 Traffic Policing 128
Using Control Plane Policing (CoPP) 129
Controlling Ingress Traffic from the Access Layer 130
First-Hop Security 130
Blocking the Use of Microsoft Teredo 131
Multicast 131
Network Management 132
Address Management 132
Scalability and Performance 135
Scalability and Performance Considerations for the DSM 135
Scalability and Performance Considerations for the HM 136
Scalability and Performance Considerations for the SBM 137
Implementing the Dual-Stack Model 137
Network Topology 138
Physical/VLAN Configuration 140
Routing Configuration 143
First-Hop Redundancy Configuration 145
QoS Configuration 147
Multicast Configuration 149
Routed Access Configuration 151
Cisco Virtual Switching System with IPv6 155
VSS Configuration 157
VSS Physical Interface IPv6 Configuration 160
Implementing the Hybrid Model 161
Network Topology 161
Physical Configuration 162
Tunnel Configuration 163
QoS Configuration 171
Infrastructure Security Configuration 173
Implementing the Service Block Model 174
Network Topology 174
Physical Configuration 176
Tunnel Configuration 178
QoS Configuration 180
Summary 181
Additional References 182
Chapter 7 Deploying Virtualized IPv6 Networks 185
Virtualization Overview 186
Virtualization Benefits 186
Virtualization Categories 186
Network Virtualization 188
Switch Virtualization 188
Network Segmentation 188
Virtual Routing and Forwarding (VRF-Lite) 189
Transporting IPv6 Across the MPLS Backbone 193
Virtual Private LAN Services 211
Network Services Virtualization 212
Virtualized Firewall 213
Cisco Adaptive Security Appliance (ASA)
Virtualization Architecture 213
Understanding Virtual Contexts on the Cisco ASA 214
Configuring Multiple Contexts on the Cisco ASA 215
Configuring IPv6 Access Lists 219
Desktop Virtualization 220
IPv6 and Desktop Virtualization 221
Desktop Virtualization Example: Oracle Sun Ray 222
Server Virtualization 223
Summary 223
Additional References 224
Chapter 8 Deploying IPv6 in WAN/Branch Networks 225
WAN/Branch Deployment Overview 226
Single-Tier Profile 226
Dual-Tier Profile 227
Redundancy 228
Scalability 228
WAN Transport 228
Multitier Profile 228
General WAN/Branch IPv6 Deployment Considerations 229
Addressing 230
Physical Connectivity 230
VLANs 231
Routing 232
High Availability 232
QoS 233
Security 233
Multicast 236
Management 236
Scalability and Performance 238
WAN/Branch Implementation Example 238
Tested Components 239
Network Topology 240
WAN Connectivity 240
Branch LAN Connectivity 241
Firewall Connectivity 241
Head-End Configuration 242
Branch WAN Access Router Configuration 245
Branch Firewall Configuration 247
EtherSwitch Module Configuration 250
Branch LAN Router Configuration 252
WAN/Branch Deployment over Native IPv6 254
Summary 258
Additional References 258
Chapter 9 Deploying IPv6 in the Data Center 261
Designing and Implementing a Dual-Stack Data Center 262
Data Center Access Layer 264
Configuring Access Layer Devices for IPv6 265
NIC-Teaming Considerations 267
Data Center Aggregation Layer 269
Bypassing IPv4-Only Services at the Aggregation Layer 269
Deploying an IPv6-Only Server Farm 271
Supporting IPv4-Only Servers in a Dual-Stack Network 271
Deploying IPv6-Enabled Services at the Aggregation Layer 272
Data Center Core Layer 279
Implementing IPv6 in a Virtualized Data Center 279
Implementing IPv6 for the SAN 281
FCIP 281
iSCSI 284
Cisco MDS Management 285
Designing IPv6 Data Center Interconnect 286
Design Considerations: Dark Fibre, MPLS, and IP 287
DCI Services and Solutions 288
Summary 289
Additional References 289
Chapter 10 Deploying IPv6 for Remote Access VPN 291
Remote Access for IPv6 Using Cisco AnyConnect 292
Remote Access for IPv6 Using Cisco VPN Client 297
Summary 301
Additional References 301
Chapter 11 Managing IPv6 Networks 303
Network Management Framework: FCAPS 304
Fault Management 305
Configuration Management 305
Accounting Management 306
Performance Management 306
Security Management 306
IPv6 Network Management Applications 307
IPv6 Network Instrumentation 308
Network Device Management Using SNMP MIBs 308
Relevance of IPv6 MIBs 311
IPv6 Application Visibility and Monitoring 312
Flexible NetFlow 312
NetFlow Versions 313
NetFlow version 9 (Flexible NetFlow [FnF]) 314
IPFIX 320
IP SLA for IPv6 322
Automation Using Flexible Programming with
Embedded Event Manager 328
IPv6 Network Management 330
Monitoring and Reporting 331
SNMP over IPv6 331
Syslog over IPv6 332
ICMPv6 332
Network Services 333
TFTP 333
NTP 333
Access Control and Operations 334
Telnet 334
SSH 335
HTTP 336
IPv6 Traffic-Monitoring Tools 337
SPAN, RSPAN, and ERSPAN 337
Configuring SPAN Types 338
Mini Protocol Analyzer 339
VLAN Access Control List (VACL) Capture 340
Summary 341
Additional References 342
Chapter 12 Walk Before Running: Building an IPv6 Lab and Starting a Pilot 343
Sample Lab Topology 344
Sample Lab Addressing 347
Configuring the Networking Devices 348
Operating System, Application, and Management Deployment 348
Moving to a Pilot 359
Summary 360
Additional References 360
Index 361