XML Reference Guide

Mar 14, 2003

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The most common methodology for writing XML programs is the Document Object Model (DOM). DOM looks at an XML document as a series of parent and child nodes of different types. For example, the following simple sample document consists of eight different nodes:

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<candy>
  <product>Mints</product>
</candy>

The Document node encompasses the entire document.
The candy Element node is the child of the Document node, and has three child nodes of its own.
The candy Element's first and third child nodes are text nodes that consist of line feeds and spaces. The second is the product element.
The product Element node has one child: the text node value of Mints.

DOM defines a series of interfaces for working with XML documents. For example, the code below outputs the text Mints, assuming that doc represents the overall document:

...
   Element candyElement = doc.getDocumentElement();

   NodeList candyChildren = candyElement.getChildNodes();
   Element productElement = (Element)candyChildren.item(1);

   Node productTextNode = productElement.getFirstChild();
   String productText = productTextNode.getNodeValue();

   System.out.println(productText);
...

This is known as an object-based model, as opposed to the event-based model embodied in SAX.

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