XML Reference Guide

Mar 14, 2003

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Part one of this project took care of the "web services" portion of the project. Now let's make it work.

The TimeTracker client

At this point we have a client that retrieves data from the server and sends it back again after we've changed it. Now we need to create the actual application that accrues time.

Let's start by displaying the project. We want a collection of elements such as:

<div id="1" onclick="activateProject(this)">Personal
     (<span id="time1">302</span>/<span id="totaltime1">7204</span>)</div>

We'll create these divs with a function:

...
   <script type="text/javascript" src="./json.js" ></script>

   <script type="text/javascript">

       var projects = timesheet.projects;

       function displayProjects(){
           for (i = 0; i < projects.length; i++) {
                document.write('<div id="'+i+'" onclick="activateProject(this)">'+
                       projects[i].project_name+
                       ' (<span id="time'+i+'">'+projects[i].time_this_period+
                       '</span>/<span id="totaltime'+i+'">'+projects[i].total_time+'</span>)</div>');
           }

       }

       function prepareSaveForm(){
...
       }

       function URLencode(sStr) {
...
      }

   </script>
</head>
<body>

   <h1>TimeTracker</h1>

   <div id="display">

   <script type="text/javascript">
       displayProjects();
   </script>
   </div>

   <form name="saveForm" id="saveForm" action="savetimesheet.php" onsubmit="prepareSaveForm();" method="post">
...

The first thing we're doing is extracting the array of projects from the timesheet object. We can then feed that into the displayProjects() function.

In the displayProjects() function, we loop through the items in the array, accessing the properties of the objects in the array.

The end result is a list of projects and the amount of time that's been spent on them.

Each project resides in a div that fires an event when the user clicks on it. At that point, want to start accruing time and give users some sort of visual cue that his or her action has had some effect.

Let's do that now:

...
   <script type="text/javascript" src="./json.js" ></script>

   <script type="text/javascript">

       var projects = timesheet.projects;
       var currentProject = -1;
       var startTime = new Date();

       function displayProjects(){
...
       }

       function activateProject(clickedDiv){
           projId = clickedDiv.id;
           if (currentProject != -1){
              //Close current project
           }
           openProject(projId);

       }

       function openProject(projId){
           startTime = new Date();
           currentProject = projId;
           targetDiv = document.getElementById(projId);
           targetDiv.style.fontWeight = "bold";
       }


       function prepareSaveForm(){
           var returnObjectStr = JSON.stringify(timesheet);
...

The first thing we need to do is create variables that track the current state. In this case, that's the current project and the time the user started working on the current project.

When the user clicks a project, the browser executes the activateProject() function. That function first checks to see if there's already a project open -- we'll deal with closing projects in a moment -- and then opens the project the user clicked.

The openProject() function first sets the startTime to the current time, and the currentProject to the project that's been clicked. This way, when we want to close the project, we know how much time to add to which project.

Finally, we get a reference to the actual div element that's been clicked and set it to bold.

Now let's look at closing the current project:

...
       function activateProject(clickedDiv){
           projId = clickedDiv.id;
           if (currentProject != -1){
              closeProject(currentProject);
           }
           openProject(projId);

       }

       function closeProject(projId){
            currentTime = new Date();
            elapsedTime = Math.floor((currentTime- startTime)/1000);
            thisProject = projects[projId];
            timeSoFar = thisProject.time_this_period;
            thisProject.time_this_period = parseInt(timeSoFar) + parseInt(elapsedTime);
            thisProject.total_time = parseInt(thisProject.total_time) + parseInt(elapsedTime);
       }

       function openProject(projId){
...

When the user chooses to activate a project, we first check to see whether there's already one open, and if there is, we close it.

To close a project, we first need to determine how much time has elapsed since we opened it. We do that by subtracting the startTime from the currentTime. Because this will be in microseconds, we need to divide by 1000 and round off the answer to get the number of seconds. (In a production app, of course, we'd use minutes or hours, but for the purpose of seeing results quickly, we'll use seconds.)

Once we know how much time has elapsed, we can get a reference to the specific project object. (Remember, the id for the div corresponds to the project's index in the projects array.) We can then add the elapsedTime to the object's time_this_period, using the parseInt() function to make sure the numbers are added as integers instead of strings.

Once we've updated the data, we need to update the display:

...
       function closeProject(projId){
...
            thisProject.total_time = parseInt(thisProject.total_time) + parseInt(elapsedTime);

            targetDiv = document.getElementById(projId);
            targetDiv.style.fontWeight = "normal";
            spanName = "time"+projId;
            targetSpan = document.getElementById(spanName);
            targetSpan.innerHTML = thisProject.time_this_period;

            spanName = "totaltime"+projId;
            targetSpan = document.getElementById(spanName);
            targetSpan.innerHTML = thisProject.total_time;


       }

       function openProject(projId){
...

The first step is to set the font weight of the div back to normal so it's no longer bold. Then we get references to the spans that represent the time and the total time, and update their values.

Finally, we need to take care of the final preparations before saving the data:

...
...
       function prepareSaveForm(){
           if (currentProject != -1){
              closeProject(currentProject);
           }
           timesheet.projects = projects;
           var returnObjectStr = JSON.stringify(timesheet);
           //saveForm.elements["timesheet"].value = URLencode(returnObjectStr);
           document.getElementById("timesheetValue").setAttribute("value", URLencode(returnObjectStr));
       }
...

First, we close any open projects, and then we update the timesheet object with the projects array we've been using all this time. We can then send the timesheet object to the server using JSON, as before.

If you reload the timesheet, you should see the updated values.

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