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This is the Rough Cut version of the printed book.
As data centers grow in size and complexity, enterprises are adopting server virtualization technologies such as VMware, VMotion, NIC teaming, and server clustering to achieve increased efficiency of resources and to ensure business resilience. However, these technologies often involve significant expense and challenges to deal with complex multisite interconnections and to maintain the high availability of network resources and applications.
Interconnecting Data Centers Using VPLS presents Virtual Private LAN Service (VPLS) based solutions that provide high-speed, low-latency network and Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) isolation between data centers resulting in significant cost savings and a highly resilient virtualized network. The design guidance, configuration examples, and best practices presented in this book have been validated under the Cisco Validated Design (CVD) System Assurance program to facilitate faster, more reliable and more predictable deployments. The presented solutions include detailed information about issues that relate to large Layer 2 bridging domains and offer guidance for extending VLANs over Layer 3 networks using VPLS technology.
Implementing this breakthrough Data Center Interconnect (DCI) strategy will evolve your network to support current server virtualization techniques and to provide a solid foundation for emerging approaches. The book takes you from the legacy deployment models for DCI, problems associated with extending Layer 2 networks, through VPN technologies, to various MST-, EEM-, and GRE-based deployment models and beyond. Although this book is intended to be read cover-to-cover, it is designed to be flexible and allow you to easily move between chapters to develop the solution most compatible with your requirements.
This book is part of the Networking Technology Series from Cisco Press®, which offers networking professionals valuable information for constructing efficient networks, understanding new technologies, and building successful careers.
Introduction xv
Chapter 1 Data Center Layer 2 Interconnect 1
Overview of High-Availability Clusters 2
Public Network Attachment 3
Private Network Attachment 3
Data Center Interconnect: Legacy Deployment Models 4
Problems Associated with Extended Layer 2 Networks 5
Summary 7
Chapter 2 Appraising Virtual Private LAN Service 9
VPN Technology Considerations 9
Layer 3 Virtual Private Networks 10
Layer 2 Virtual Private Networks 10
VPLS Overview 11
Understanding Pseudowires 14
VPLS to Scale STP Domain for Layer 2 Interconnection 15
H-VPLS Considerations 17
EEM 18
MPLS 19
Label Switching Functions 19
MPLS LDP 20
MPLS LDP Targeted Session 20
Limit LDP Label Allocation 21
MPLS LDP-IGP Synchronization 21
MPLS LDP TCP “Pak Priority” 21
MPLS LDP Session Protection 22
Summary 22
Chapter 3 High Availability for Extended Layer 2 Networks 23
MTU Evaluation for Intersite Transport 23
Core Routing 25
Mixed MPLS/IP Core 26
Different IGP for IP Core and MPLS 27
Same IGP for IP Core and MPLS 27
Pure MPLS Core 28
Pure IP Core 30
Convergence Optimization 32
Key Convergence Elements 33
Failure Detection and Tuning 33
IP Event Dampening 34
BFD 35
Link Debounce Timer 37
Carrier-Delay Timer 38
Alternate Route Computation 40
Summary 42
Chapter 4 MPLS Traffic Engineering 43
Understanding MPLS-TE 43
Fast Reroute 44
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