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The iOS 5 Developer's Cookbook: Building Your First Project

Feb 1, 2012

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This chapter is from the book 

iOS 5 Developer's Cookbook, The: Core Concepts and Essential Recipes for iOS Programmers, 3rd Edition

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Over-the-Air Ad Hoc Distribution

You can distribute ad hoc ipa files over the air by creating links to a simple webpage. The itms-services: URL scheme, when pointing to an application manifest property list allows your users to install apps wirelessly. You provide the ipa and the manifest on the website. Here’s how you might link to the manifest.

<a href="itms-services://?action=download-manifest&
    url=http://example.com/manifest.plist">Install App</a>

Make sure your website is configured to support the following two MIME types.

application/octet-stream ipa

text/xml plist

Building a Manifest

The manifest is an XML-based property list. It must contain six key/value pairs:

URL—a fully-qualified URL pointing to the ipa file
display-image—a fully-qualified URL pointing to a 57×57-pixel PNG icon used during download and installation
full-size-image—a fully-qualified URL pointing to a 512×512-pixel PNG (not JPEG!) image that represents the iTunes app
bundle-identifier—the app’s standard application identifier string, as specified in the app’s Info.plist file
bundle-version—the app’s current bundle version string, as specified in the app’s Info.plist file
title—a human-readable application name

In addition to these required keys, you can specify an optional md5 hash for file elements. Listing 3-3 shows a sample manifest provided by Apple.

Listing 3-3. Apple Sample Manifest

<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN"

"http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">

<plist version="1.0">

<dict>

   <!-- array of downloads. -->

   <key>items</key>

   <array>

       <dict>

           <!-- an array of assets to download -->

           <key>assets</key>

           <array>

               <!-- software-package: the ipa to install. -->

               <dict>

                   <!-- required.  the asset kind. -->

                   <key>kind</key>

                   <string>software-package</string>

                   <!-- optional.  md5 every n bytes.  -->

                   <!-- will restart a chunk if md5 fails. -->

                   <key>md5-size</key>

                   <integer>10485760</integer>

                   <!-- optional.  array of md5 hashes -->

                   <key>md5s</key>

                   <array>

                       <string>41fa64bb7a7cae5a46bfb45821ac8bba</string>

                       <string>51fa64bb7a7cae5a46bfb45821ac8bba</string>

                   </array>

                   <!-- required.  the URL of the file to download. -->

                   <key>url</key>

                   <string>http://www.example.com/apps/foo.ipa</string>

               </dict>

               <!-- display-image: the icon to display during download. -->

               <dict>

                   <key>kind</key>

                   <string>display-image</string>

                   <!-- optional. icon needs shine effect applied. -->

                   <key>needs-shine</key>

                   <true/>

                   <key>url</key>

                   <string>http://www.example.com/image.57×57.png</string>

               </dict>

               <!-- full-size-image: the large 512×512 icon used by iTunes. -->

               <dict>

                   <key>kind</key>

                   <string>full-size-image</string>

                   <!-- optional.  one md5 hash for the entire file. -->

                   <key>md5</key>

                   <string>61fa64bb7a7cae5a46bfb45821ac8bba</string>

                   <key>needs-shine</key>

                   <true/>

                   <key>url</key>

                   <string>http://www.example.com/image.512×512.jpg</string>

               </dict>

           </array><key>metadata</key>

           <dict>

               <!-- required -->

               <key>bundle-identifier</key>

               <string>com.example.fooapp</string>

               <!-- optional (software only) -->

               <key>bundle-version</key>

               <string>1.0</string>

               <!-- required.  the download kind. -->

               <key>kind</key>

               <string>software</string>

               <!-- optional. displayed during download; -->

               <!-- typically company name -->

               <key>subtitle</key>

               <string>Apple</string>

               <!-- required.  the title to display during the download. -->

               <key>title</key>

               <string>Example Corporate App</string>

           </dict>

       </dict>

   </array>

</dict>

</plist>

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