Conformation, Solutions, and Molecular Weight
This chapter is from the book
This chapter is from the book
This chapter is from the book
Conformation, Solutions, and Molecular Weight
Solvents are frequently used during the polymerization process (Chapter 2),
during fabrication (e.g., film casting, fiber formation, and coatings), and
for determining molecular weights and molecular-weight distributions. Interactions
between a polymer and solvent influence chain dimensions (i.e., conformations) and,
more importantly, determine solvent activities. The measurement of osmotic pressure
and scattered-light intensity from dilute polymer solutions—techniques based
upon the principles of polymer-solution thermodynamics—are the primary methods used to determine
numberaverage and weight-average molecular weights, respectively. Other solution-property
techniques, such as the determination of intrinsic viscosity and gel-permeation chromatography
(GPC), are widely used as rapid and convenient methods to determine polymer
molecular weights and, in the case of GPC, molecular-weight distributions as described
in this chapter.
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